中国西南地区致病疫霉群体基因型和毒性多样性研究

doi:10.1016/j.jia.2025.02.021

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

由致病疫霉引起的马铃薯晚疫病是一种毁灭性病害，长期肆虐我国各马铃薯主产区，严重威胁马铃薯产业的发展。致病疫霉的快速变异驱动着其群体结构持续演变，使得现有防控手段失效，进而引发晚疫病的爆发与流行，给农业生产等领域带来极大挑战。本研究旨在明确我国西南地区致病疫霉的群体结构，阐明致病疫霉的毒性演化。研究团队自2019到2022年从我国西南地区6个马铃薯产区收集了218株致病疫霉。利用SSR分子标记技术对上述菌株进行群体分析，发现我国西南地区致病疫霉群体可分为EU、US及SIB三个谱系，其中EU谱系为优势谱系。接种马铃薯近等基因系结果显示西南地区菌株已克服R3a、R3b和Rpi-blb3介导的抗性，并且克服Rpi-blb2、R8、Rpi-blb1和Rpi-vnt1.1抗性的菌株比例逐年上升。EU谱系菌株分为19种不同多位点基因型（MLGs），其中优势基因型MLG24菌株的毒性多样性最丰富。MLG24基因型的两株强毒性菌株CQ-22-16-1和CQ-22-20-1已克服7种抗病基因的抗性，并可侵染30种供测的马铃薯主栽品种。为应对强毒性菌株引发的潜在病害威胁，本研究筛选到可有效防控强毒性菌株的2个马铃薯野生种和3种药剂。综上所述，本研究揭示了我国西南地区致病疫霉的群体结构和毒性多样性，并通过品种及药剂筛选为防控未来可能的菌株提供指导方案。

Abstract:

The oomycete pathogen Phytophthora infestans causes late blight disease that severely reduces potato production worldwide. Monitoring the genotypic and virulence dynamics of P. infestans populations is vital for management of late blight. P. infestans populations in southwestern China diversify in genotypes and virulence, but the most recent status of these populations remains elusive. In this study, 218 isolates collected from six locations in southwestern China from 2019 to 2022 were analyzed for genotypic and virulence dynamics as well as effective management strategies. Phylogenetic analysis of simple sequence repeats-classified multi-locus genotypes (MLGs) revealed that these populations comprise three lineages, of which the EU lineage is dominant. These populations had overcome the resistance mediated by R3a, R3b and Rpi-blb3 and had an increased trend in overcoming the resistance mediated by Rpi-blb2, R8, Rpi-blb1 and Rpi-vnt1.1. The EU lineage consisted of 19 MLGs and the predominant genotype MLG24 significantly contributed to the pathotypic diversity of the EU lineage. In addition, two independent MLG24 isolates, CQ-22-16-1 and CQ-22-20-1, overcame the resistance mediated by all seven resistance genes and were virulent on 30 potato cultivars. Notably, two Solanum candolleanum relatives were highly resistant to these two highly virulent isolates. Furthermore, these two isolates could be controlled by three fungicides. In summary, this study elucidates the genotypic and virulence dynamics of P. infestans populations in southwestern China and provides valuable insights into effective control measures.

Key words: potato , Phytophthora infestans , genotypic dynamics , virulence dynamics

. 中国西南地区致病疫霉群体基因型和毒性多样性研究[J]. Journal of Integrative Agriculture, DOI: 10.1016/j.jia.2025.02.021.

Xinjie Zhang, Jinbin Wu, Xiao Wang, Fan Zhang, Lina Yang, Luyao Wang, Yaoyao Wu, Zhenzhen Wang, Weilin Chen, Guoyu Yin, Shengping Song, Mingqing Dang, Juan Zeng, Han Chen, Suomeng Dong. Genotypic and virulence dynamics of Phytophthora infestans populations in southwestern China[J]. Journal of Integrative Agriculture, DOI: 10.1016/j.jia.2025.02.021.

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