长期施肥下我国农田有机碳化学组分固碳效率的点位差异特征

doi:10.1016/j.jia.2024.12.013

Journal of Integrative Agriculture ›› 2025, Vol. 24 ›› Issue (7): 2841-2856.DOI: 10.1016/j.jia.2024.12.013

长期施肥下我国农田有机碳化学组分固碳效率的点位差异特征

收稿日期:2024-07-03 修回日期:2024-12-12 接受日期:2024-11-07 出版日期:2025-07-20 发布日期:2025-06-17

Comparing carbon sequestration efficiency in chemically separated soil organic carbon fractions under long-term fertilization in three major Chinese croplands

Hu Xu^{1, 2*}, Adnan Mustafa^{2, 3*}, Lu Zhang^{2, 4}, Shaomin Huang⁵, Hongjun Gao⁶, Mohammad Tahsin Karimi Nezhad⁷, Nan Sun^2#, Minggang Xu^2#

¹Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Agri-Environment in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
²State Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization of Arable Land in China/Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
³Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China
⁴Qiyang Farmland Ecosystem National Observation and Research Station/Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
⁵Institute of Plant Nutrition and Environmental Resources Science, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou 450002, China
⁶Agricultural Resources and Environment Research Center, Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun 130124, China
⁷Department of Forest Ecology, Silva Tarouca Research Institute, Brno 60200, Czech Republic

Received:2024-07-03 Revised:2024-12-12 Accepted:2024-11-07 Online:2025-07-20 Published:2025-06-17
About author:Hu Xu, E-mail: xuhu01@nwafu.edu.cn; #Correspondence Minggang Xu, E-mail: xuminggang@caas.cn; Nan Sun, E-mail: sunnan@caas.cn * These authors contribute equally to this study.
Supported by:
The research support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (42177341) is highly acknowledged.

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

化肥配施有机肥通过影响农田有机碳输入和有机碳组分稳定性，因而被认为是提升土壤有机碳固存的有效措施。然而，关于长期施肥下有机碳氧化难易组分的固存效率特征及其对外源有机碳输入响应的信息非常有限，尤其是不同点位间研究。本研究依托位于公主岭、郑州和祁阳的长期定位试施肥验（20年），探究不施肥（CK）、化学氮磷钾肥（NPK）和化肥配施有机肥（NPKM）下不同有机碳化学组分（高活性有机碳组分-VLC、中活性有机碳组分-LC，低活性有机碳组分-LLC和稳定有机碳组分-NLC）的固存速率和固存效率特征及其与有机碳输入的关系。结果表明，与CK相比，NPKM提高了所有组分的有机碳储量，固存速率和效率，且各点位间均表现相同趋势。特别是对于VLC和NLC，公主岭、祁阳和郑州点位NPKM下有机碳储量分别比CK显著增加43和83%、77和86%，73和82%。然而，相比于初始值，公主岭、郑州和祁阳点位NPKM处理NLC有机碳储量增加幅度最大，分别达6.65、7.16和7.35 Mg ha^-1。同样，NPKM处理NLC的固碳效率最高，其次是VLC、LC和LLC，且公主岭点位的稳定组分的固碳效率（8.56%）高于郑州（6.10%）和祁阳（4.61%）点位。此外，惰性库（NLC+LLC）的固碳效率显著高于活性库（VLC+LC），且公主岭点位惰性库的固碳效率最高。冗余分析表明，各有机碳组分和相应库的固碳效率与年均碳输入、年均降雨和年均温度存在负相关关系，而与初始土壤有机碳和全氮含量存在正相关。这些结果表明，土壤固存有机碳的稳定性差异进一步受点位特征和有机碳输入变化的调控。

Abstract:

The combined application of organic manure and chemical fertilizers is an effective way to enhance soil organic carbon (SOC) sequestration through its influences on organic carbon (OC) input and the stability of SOC fractions. However, there is limited information on the carbon sequestration efficiency (CSE) of chemically separated SOC fractions and its response to OC input under long-term fertilization regimes, especially at different sites. This study used three long-term fertilization experiments in Gongzhuling, Zhengzhou and Qiyang spanning 20 years to compare the stocks and CSE in four different OC fractions (very labile OC, labile OC, less labile OC, and non-labile OC) and their relationships with annual OC input. Three treatments of no fertilization (CK), chemical nitrogen, phosphorous, and potassium fertilizers (NPK), and chemical NPK combined with manure (NPKM) were employed. The results showed that compared with CK, NPKM resulted in enhanced SOC stocks and sequestration rates as well as CSE levels of all fractions irrespective of experimental site. Specifically for the very labile and non-labile OC fractions, NPKM significantly increased the SOC stocks by 43 and 83%, 77 and 86%, and 73 and 82% in Gongzhuling, Qiyang, and Zhengzhou relative to CK, respectively. However, the greatest changes in SOC stock relative to the initial value were associated with non-labile OC fractions in Gongzhuling, Zhengzhou, and Qiyang, which reached 6.65, 7.16, and 7.35 Mg ha^–1 under NPKM. Similarly, the highest CSE was noted for non-labile OC fractions under NPKM followed sequentially by the very labile OC, labile OC, and less-labile OC fractions, however a CSE of 8.56% in the non-labile OC fraction for Gongzhuling was higher than the values of 6.10 and 4.61% in Zhengzhou and Qiyang, respectively. In addition, the CSE for the passive pool (very labile+labile OC fractions) was higher than the active pool (less-labile+non-labile OC fractions), with the highest value in Gongzhuling. The redundancy analysis revealed that the CSEs of fractions and pools were negatively influenced by annual OC input, mean annual precipitation and temperature, but positively influenced by the initial SOC and total nitrogen contents. This suggests that differential stability of sequestered OC is further governed by indigenous site characteristics and variable amounts of annual OC input.

Key words: long-term field experiment , fertilization , carbon sequestration efficiency , organic carbon stability , organic carbon fractionation

Hu Xu, Adnan Mustafa, Lu Zhang, Shaomin Huang, Hongjun Gao, Mohammad Tahsin Karimi Nezhad, Nan Sun, Minggang Xu. 长期施肥下我国农田有机碳化学组分固碳效率的点位差异特征[J]. Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 2025, 24(7): 2841-2856.

Hu Xu, Adnan Mustafa, Lu Zhang, Shaomin Huang, Hongjun Gao, Mohammad Tahsin Karimi Nezhad, Nan Sun, Minggang Xu. Comparing carbon sequestration efficiency in chemically separated soil organic carbon fractions under long-term fertilization in three major Chinese croplands[J]. Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 2025, 24(7): 2841-2856.

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长期施肥下我国农田有机碳化学组分固碳效率的点位差异特征

Comparing carbon sequestration efficiency in chemically separated soil organic carbon fractions under long-term fertilization in three major Chinese croplands

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