花生工程特性与微观结构的表征与关联:从微观到宏观的描述

doi:10.1016/j.jia.2024.11.037

Journal of Integrative Agriculture ›› 2025, Vol. 24 ›› Issue (1): 339-352.DOI: 10.1016/j.jia.2024.11.037

花生工程特性与微观结构的表征与关联:从微观到宏观的描述

收稿日期:2024-06-19 接受日期:2024-10-18 出版日期:2025-01-20 发布日期:2025-01-07

Characterization and correlation of engineering properties with microstructure in peanuts: A microscopic to macroscopic analysis

Fei Xiang¹, Zhenyuan Li¹, Yichen Zheng¹, Caixia Ding², Benu Adhikari³, Xiaojie Ma¹, Xuebing Xu^2#, Jinjin Zhu¹, Bello Zaki Abubakar⁶, Aimin Shi^{1, 4#}, Hui Hu^1#, Qiang Wang^{1, 4, 5#}

¹Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Comprehensive Utilization Laboratory of Cereal and Oil Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100193, China
²Wilmar (Shanghai) Biotechnology Research & Development Center Co., Ltd., Shanghai 200137, China
³School of Science, RMIT University, Melbourne 3083, VIC, Australia
⁴School of Food Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Finance and Economics/Jiangsu Modern Food Circulation and Safety Collaborative Innovation Center, Nanjing 210023, China
⁵College of Food Science and Pharmacy, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi 830052, China
⁶Department of Agricultural Extension and Rural Development, Faculty of Agriculture, Usmanu Danfodiyo University, Sokoto 840101, Nigeria

Received:2024-06-19 Accepted:2024-10-18 Online:2025-01-20 Published:2025-01-07
About author:Fei Xiang, E-mail: 82101221137@caas.cn; #Correspondence Aimin Shi, Tel/Fax: +86-10-62815837, E-mail: shiaimin@caas.cn; Xuebing Xu, Tel/Fax: +86-21-31153372, E-mail: xuxuebing@cn.wilmar-intl.com; Hui Hu, Tel/Fax: +86-10-62815837, E-mail: huhui@caas.cn; Qiang Wang, Tel/Fax: +86-10-62815837, E-mail: wangqiang06@caas.cn
Supported by:
This project is jointly supported by the National Key R&D Program of China (2021YFD2100400, 2023YFE0104900), Xinjiang Agriculture Research System-Oil Crop Research System, China (XJARS-05), Taishan Industrial Experts Programme, China (tscx202306075), the Scientific and Technological Assistance Projects to Developing Countries, China (KY202201003), the Agricultural Science and Technology Innovation Program, Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS-ASTIP-2024-IFST). The authors are grateful for the financial support from the Arawana Charity Foundation, China.

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

全球花生品种多样，花生的特性和营养决定了产品品质。然而，全球花生籽仁的关键品质指标的比较分析和统计学分析相对薄弱，阻碍了全球花生品质评价和花生产业发展。本研究以主要花生生产国的10个不同花生品种为研究对象，对花生籽仁的表观形态、微观结构、单细胞结构、工程特性和质构特性以及主要营养成分含量进行对比分析。花生籽仁的表面和截面微观结构均呈致密的“块状”形貌，细胞结构明显。细胞内脂滴呈球形，均匀分布在细胞内。10个花生品种籽仁的单细胞结构表现出不同的形态和尺寸，并发现这与质构和工程特性相关。此外，花生籽仁的质量损失随温度变化呈5个不同的阶段，分别为水分流失、挥发性损失、蛋白质变性和各种生物大分子的降解等的过程。不同花生品种间脂肪、蛋白质、蔗糖含量以及质构、堆积密度、真实密度、孔隙率、几何平均直径、圆度和球形度均存在差异。本研究建立了主要花生加工国家常见花生品种的微观结构、工程性能和营养成分之间的关联和相关性。研究结果为全球花生品质评价和花生产业提供了有价值数据和见解。

Abstract:

Peanut varieties are diverse globally, with their characters and nutrition determining the product quality. However, the comparative analysis and statistical analysis of key quality indicators for peanut kernels across the world remains relatively limited, impeding the comprehensive evaluation of peanut quality and hindering the industry development on a global scale. This study aimed to compare and analyze the apparent morphology, microstructure, single-cell structure, engineering and mechanical properties, as well as major nutrient contents of peanut kernels from 10 different cultivars representing major peanut-producing countries. The surface and cross-section microstructure of the peanut kernels exhibited a dense “blocky” appearance with a distinct cellular structure. The lipid droplets were predominantly spherical with a regular distribution within the cells. The single-cell structure of the kernels from these 10 peanut cultivars demonstrated varying morphologies and dimensions, which exhibited correlations with their mechanical and engineering properties. Furthermore, the mass loss versus temperature profiles of the peanut kernels revealed five distinct stages, corresponding to moisture loss, volatile loss, protein denaturation, and the degradation of various biomacromolecules. Variations were also observed in the lipid, protein, and sucrose contents, texture, bulk density, true density, porosity, geometric mean diameter, and sphericity among the different peanut varieties. This study establishes relationships and correlations among microstructure, engineering properties, and nutritional composition of commonly grown peanut varieties in major peanut-processing countries. The findings provide valuable insights into peanut quality evaluation, empowering the peanut industry to enhance their processing and product development efforts.

Key words: peanut kernels , apparent morphology , microstructure , engineering properties , mechanical properties

Fei Xiang, Zhenyuan Li, Yichen Zheng, Caixia Ding, Benu Adhikari, Xiaojie Ma, Xuebing Xu, Jinjin Zhu, Bello Zaki Abubakar, Aimin Shi, Hui Hu, Qiang Wang. 花生工程特性与微观结构的表征与关联:从微观到宏观的描述[J]. Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 2025, 24(1): 339-352.

Fei Xiang, Zhenyuan Li, Yichen Zheng, Caixia Ding, Benu Adhikari, Xiaojie Ma, Xuebing Xu, Jinjin Zhu, Bello Zaki Abubakar, Aimin Shi, Hui Hu, Qiang Wang. Characterization and correlation of engineering properties with microstructure in peanuts: A microscopic to macroscopic analysis[J]. Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 2025, 24(1): 339-352.

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花生工程特性与微观结构的表征与关联:从微观到宏观的描述

Characterization and correlation of engineering properties with microstructure in peanuts: A microscopic to macroscopic analysis

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