玉米间作促进冠层光截获和根系生长进而增加籽粒产量和氮素利用效率

doi:10.1016/j.jia.2024.11.002

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

种内间混作有利于增加作物多样性和产量稳定性。如何通过环境友好的方式实现粮食高产和氮素利用效率是一个重大挑战。然而，目前还不清楚玉米品种间混作能否提高氮素利用效率。本研究以不同根夹角和叶夹角的两个玉米品种为试验材料，在4个施氮量水平下（0、140、280、340 kg N ha^-1）开展了2年大田试验。在N0、N140、N280施氮量下，玉米间混作显著提高冠层中部光截获、干物质积累量和总根长度。冠层中部光截获与干物质积累量呈正相关关系，并因此增加了产量。同时，结构方程分析表明，冠层光截获与总侧根长度呈正相关关系，而外层节根的总侧根长度的增加显著提高了氮素积累量和氮素利用效率。因此，玉米间混作促进了冠层优化和根系生长，进而提高了籽粒产量和氮素利用效率。这些发现有助于加深对品种间混作协同改善冠层结构和根系性状进而促进籽粒产量和氮素利用效率的理解。

Abstract:

Cultivar mixtures increases crop diversification and grain yield stability. It is a major challenge to achieve high grain yield and nitrogen use efficiency with environmentally friendly practices. However, it is currently unclear whether the cultivar mixtures of maize can improve nitrogen use efficiency. A two-year field experiment was conducted using two maize cultivars with different roots angles and leaf angles planted in monoculture or in mixtures under four nitrogen levels N0 (0 kg N ha^-1), N140 (140 kg N ha^-1), N280 (280 kg N ha^-1) and N340 (340kg N ha^-1). Cultivar mixtures significantly increased light interception of middle canopy, dry matter accumulation and total roots length under N0, N140, and N280 conditions. Light interception of middle canopy positively related to dry matter accumulation and thus increased grain yield. And light interception of whole canopy positively related to total lateral root length, while the increased total lateral root length of outer nodal roots significantly improved nitrogen accumulation and nitrogen use efficiency. Thus, cultivar mixtures promoted an optimal canopy structure and good root growth, then improved grain yield and nitrogen use efficiency. These findings could deepen our understanding of the facilitating effect of canopy structure and root traits of cultivar mixtures on the collaborative promotion of grain yield and nitrogen use efficiency.

Key words: cultivar mixtures , grain yield , , nitrogen use efficiency , , light interception , , lateral roots of nodal roots

. 玉米间作促进冠层光截获和根系生长进而增加籽粒产量和氮素利用效率[J]. Journal of Integrative Agriculture, DOI: 10.1016/j.jia.2024.11.002.

Xucun Jia, Fuli Li, Zhengyan Miao, Xiaoyong Li, Leikang Sun, Yuepeng Wei, Kangna Yang, Hangzhao Guo, Rui Song, Haipeng Shang, Xianli Feng, Yuxia Li, Rongfa Li, Qun Wang. Cultivar mixtures of maize enhance grain yield and nitrogen use efficiency by promoting canopy photosynthetically active radiation and root growth[J]. Journal of Integrative Agriculture, DOI: 10.1016/j.jia.2024.11.002.

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