填闲小麦通过改变土壤微生物群落加速了黄瓜根系凋落物的降解

doi:10.1016/j.jia.2024.09.020

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

作物填闲是一种多样化的农业种植策略，其可以通过改变地下凋落物多样性和土壤微生物群落从而改善土壤结构和功能。在本研究中，我们分析了填闲小麦如何改变黄瓜根系凋落物的降解。为期三年的温室凋落物袋降解试验表明，填闲小麦加速了黄瓜根系凋落物的降解。微宇宙凋落物袋试验进一步阐明了小麦凋落物和土壤微生物群落可以改善黄瓜根系凋落物的降解。此外，填闲小麦改变了土壤细菌和真菌群落的丰度和多样性，并丰富了一些潜在的关键OTUs，如与黄瓜根系凋落物质量损失呈正相关的Bacillus spp. OTU1837和Mortierella spp. OTU1236。接下来，我们分离并培养了代表性的细菌和真菌菌株B186和M3。通过体外降解试验发现，B186和M3都具有降解黄瓜根系凋落物的能力，并且发现两种菌株共同培养时降解效果更强。总体而言，填闲小麦通过改变土壤微生物群落，特别是改变了某些潜在的关键类群，加速了黄瓜根系凋落物的降解，这为利用填闲种植促进可持续农业发展提供了理论基础。

Abstract:

Cover cropping is a diversifying agricultural practice that can improve soil structure and function by altering the underground litter diversity and soil microbial communities. Here, we tested how a wheat cover crop alters the decomposition of cucumber root litter. A three-year greenhouse litterbag decomposition experiment showed that a wheat cover crop accelerates the decomposition of cucumber root litter. A microcosm litterbag experiment further showed that wheat litter and the soil microbial community could improve cucumber root litter decomposition. Moreover, the wheat cover crop altered the abundances and diversities of soil bacterial and fungal communities, and enriched several putative keystone operational taxonomic units (OTUs), such as Bacillus sp. OTU1837 and Mortierella sp. OTU1236, that were positively related to the mass loss of cucumber root litter. The representative bacterial and fungal strains B186 and M3 were isolated and cultured. In vitro decomposition tests demonstrated that both B186 and M3 had cucumber root litter decomposition activity and a stronger effect was found when they were co-incubated. Overall, a wheat cover crop accelerated cucumber root litter decomposition by altering the soil microbial communities, particularly by stimulating certain putative keystone taxa, which provides a theoretical basis for using cover crops to promote sustainable agricultural development.

Key words: wheat cover crop , litter decomposition , mass loss , microbial community , litter mixing

Xianhong Zhang, Zhiling Wang, Danmei Gao, Yaping Duan, Xin Li, Xingang Zhou. 填闲小麦通过改变土壤微生物群落加速了黄瓜根系凋落物的降解[J]. Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 2025, 24(7): 2857-2868.

Xianhong Zhang, Zhiling Wang, Danmei Gao, Yaping Duan, Xin Li, Xingang Zhou. Wheat cover crop accelerates the decomposition of cucumber root litter by altering the soil microbial community[J]. Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 2025, 24(7): 2857-2868.

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