氮钾肥配施通过促进木质素合成积累提高了胡麻抗倒伏性能和籽粒产量

doi:10.1016/j.jia.2024.09.006

Journal of Integrative Agriculture ›› 2026, Vol. 25 ›› Issue (2): 659-670.DOI: 10.1016/j.jia.2024.09.006

氮钾肥配施通过促进木质素合成积累提高了胡麻抗倒伏性能和籽粒产量

收稿日期:2024-03-21 修回日期:2024-09-14 接受日期:2024-07-15 出版日期:2026-02-20 发布日期:2026-01-06

Optimized nitrogen and potassium fertilizers application increases stem lodging resistance and grain yield of oil flax by enhancing lignin biosynthesis

Xiqiang Li^{1, 2}, Yuhong Gao^{2, 3, 4}, Zhengjun Cui⁵, Tingfeng Zhang⁶, Shiyuan Chen^{1, 2}, Shilei Xiang^{1, 2}, Lingling Jia^{1, 2}, Bin Yan^{2, 3, 4}, Yifan Wang^{2, 3, 4}, LizhuoGuo^{2, 3, 4}, Bing Wu^{1, 2, 3#}

¹College of Life Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
²State Key Laboratory of Aridland Crop Science, Lanzhou 730070, China
³Seed Industry Research Institute of Gansu Provincial University, Lanzhou 730070, China
⁴College of Agronomy, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
⁵College of Agronomy, Tarim University, Alar 843300, China
⁶College of Life Science and Engineering, Hexi University, Zhangye 734000, China

Received:2024-03-21 Revised:2024-09-14 Accepted:2024-07-15 Online:2026-02-20 Published:2026-01-06
About author:Xiqiang Li, E-mail: 1929769260@qq.com; #Correspondence Bing Wu, E-mail: wub@gsau.edu.cn
Supported by:
This research was funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31760363), the Earmarked Fund for CARS (CARS-14-1-16), the Gansu Education Science and Technology Innovation Industry Support Program, China (2021CYZC-38), the Gansu Provincial Key Laboratory of Arid Land Crop Science, Gansu Agricultural University, China (GSCS-2020-Z6).

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

倒伏是制约中国北方胡麻增产增效的重要因素之一。作物倒伏与否和茎秆中木质素含量密切相关，而氮肥与钾肥互作如何调控胡麻茎秆木质素生物合成有待进一步深入研究。因此，本研究旨在增强胡麻的抗倒伏特性，从而促进胡麻产量的提高。本试验于2022和2023年两个生长季，分析了不同氮肥（75、150和225 kg N ha^-1）和不同钾肥（60 和90 kg K₂O ha^-1）配施处理对胡麻木质素代谢、抗倒伏性和籽粒产量的影响。结果表明，氮肥和钾肥及其互作处理均有利于木质素合成积累，提高茎秆抗倒伏特性，促进胡麻增产。与CK相比，75 kg N ha^-1-150 kg N ha^‐1配施60 kg K₂O ha^-1处理显著提高了木质素生物合成酶活性（TAL、PAL、POD和CAD）和相关基因（4CL1和F5H3）表达量，木质素含量显著增加29.63-43.30%，进而显著提高了茎秆抗折力和抗倒伏指数，籽粒产量增加了23.27-32.34%。相关性分析表明，氮肥和钾肥正向调控木质素相关酶活性和相关基因表达量，促进了木质素合成积累，提高了茎秆抗折力和抗倒伏指数；木质素相关酶活性和相关基因表达量、抗倒伏特性和籽粒产量间均呈正相关关系。综上所述，75 kg N ha^-1-150 kg N ha^‐1配施60 kg K₂O ha^-1处理促进了木质素合成积累，提高了陇中旱作农业区胡麻的抗倒伏能力和籽粒产量，为旱作农业区胡麻抗逆高产栽培模式提供了技术参考。

Abstract:

Lodging is a major constraint limiting oil flax production efficiency in northern China. Crop lodging susceptibility is closely related to stem lignin content, and the regulatory mechanisms by which nitrogen and potassium fertilization interactively influence lignin biosynthesis in oil flax stems require further investigation. Therefore, this study aimed to enhance lodging resistance and increase grain yield in oil flax. We examined the interactive effects of different nitrogen (75, 150, and 225 kg N ha^–1) and potassium (60 and 90 kg K₂O ha^–1) fertilizer rates on lignin metabolism, lodging resistance, and grain yield during the 2022 and 2023 growing seasons. Results indicated that nitrogen and potassium fertilizer levels and their interactions promoted lignin accumulation, improved lodging resistance, and increased grain yield. Compared to the control (CK), the 75–150 kg N ha^–1 combined with 60 kg K₂O ha^–1 treatments significantly enhanced the activities of key lignin-synthesizing enzymes (tyrosine ammonia-lyase (TAL), phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL), cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenase (CAD), and peroxidase (POD)) and upregulated the expression of 4CL1 and F5H3 genes, leading to a 29.63–43.30% increase in lignin content, improved stem bending strength and lodging resistance index, and a 23.27–32.34% increase in grain yield. Correlation analysis revealed that nitrogen and potassium fertilizers positively regulated enzyme activities and gene expression related to lignin biosynthesis, thereby facilitating lignin accumulation and enhancing stem mechanical strength and lodging resistance. Positive correlations were observed among lignin-related enzyme activities, gene expression, lodging resistance traits, and grain yield. In summary, the application of 75–150 kg N ha^–1 in conjunction with 60 kg K₂O ha^–1 promoted lignin biosynthesis and accumulation, enhanced lodging resistance, and increased grain yield in oil flax grown in the dryland farming region of central Gansu, China. Furthermore, this treatment provides a technical basis for cultivating stress-tolerant and high-yield oil flax in arid regions.

Key words: oil flax , nitrogen fertilizer , potassium fertilizer , stem lodging resistance , lignin biosynthesis , yield

Xiqiang Li, Yuhong Gao, Zhengjun Cui, Tingfeng Zhang, Shiyuan Chen, Shilei Xiang, Lingling Jia, Bin Yan, Yifan Wang, Lizhuo Guo, Bing Wu . 氮钾肥配施通过促进木质素合成积累提高了胡麻抗倒伏性能和籽粒产量[J]. Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 2026, 25(2): 659-670.

Xiqiang Li, Yuhong Gao, Zhengjun Cui, Tingfeng Zhang, Shiyuan Chen, Shilei Xiang, Lingling Jia, Bin Yan, Yifan Wang, Lizhuo Guo, Bing Wu . Optimized nitrogen and potassium fertilizers application increases stem lodging resistance and grain yield of oil flax by enhancing lignin biosynthesis[J]. Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 2026, 25(2): 659-670.

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氮钾肥配施通过促进木质素合成积累提高了胡麻抗倒伏性能和籽粒产量

Optimized nitrogen and potassium fertilizers application increases stem lodging resistance and grain yield of oil flax by enhancing lignin biosynthesis

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