Journal of Integrative Agriculture ›› 2026, Vol. 25 ›› Issue (2): 624-638.DOI: 10.1016/j.jia.2024.07.025

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基于生态足迹模型的超级杂交稻水氮管理策略可持续性评估

  

  • 收稿日期:2024-02-19 修回日期:2024-07-19 接受日期:2024-06-13 出版日期:2026-02-20 发布日期:2026-01-06

Exploring strategies for agricultural sustainability in super hybrid rice using the food–carbon–nitrogen–water–energy–profit nexus framework

Jun Deng1, Ke Liu1, 2#, Xiangqian Feng1, Jiayu Ye1, Matthew Tom Harrison2, Peter de Voil3, Tajamul Hussain4, Liying Huang1, Xiaohai Tian1, Meixue Zhou2, Yunbo Zhang1#    

  1. 1 Key Laboratory of Sustainable Crop Production in the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/College of Agriculture, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434025, China

    2 Tasmanian Institute of Agriculture, University of Tasmania, Newnham Drive, Launceston, TAS 7248, Australia

    3 Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation (QAAFI), The University of Queensland, Gatton Campus, Gatton, QLD 4345, Australia

    4 Hermiston Agricultural Research and Extension Center, Oregon State University, Hermiston, OR 97838, USA

  • Received:2024-02-19 Revised:2024-07-19 Accepted:2024-06-13 Online:2026-02-20 Published:2026-01-06
  • About author:#Correspondence Ke Liu, E-mail: ke.liu@utas.edu.au; Yunbo Zhang, E-mail: yzhang@yangtzeu.edu.cn
  • Supported by:
    This study was funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (32172108 and 32301940), the Young Elite Scientists Sponsorship Program by the China Association for Science and Technology (2023QNRC001), the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (2022M710489), the Chinese Scholarship Council (202310930003), and the National Key Research and Development Program of China (2022YFD2301004).

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摘要：

超级杂交稻产量潜力不断突破，为保障中国乃至全球的粮食安全做出了重大贡献。然而，面对资源趋紧、环境污染严重、生态系统退化的严峻形势，亟需探索高产、高效、生态、安全的绿色栽培管理模式，以实现超级杂交稻的可持续发展。因此，本研究采用了食物-碳-氮-水-能源-效益 (FCNWEP) 关系框架，综合评估了不同作物管理策略在中国中部三个地点的可持续性。田间试验于 2017 年至 2021 年在湖北荆州、湖北随州以及湖南长沙进行，试验品种为广泛种植的优良超级杂交稻 “Y两优900”。试验设置四种作物管理策略：对照（CK，0 kg N ha-1）、常规作物管理（CCM，210-250 kg N ha-1，基肥：分蘖肥=7:3）和两种综合作物管理策略（ICM1，180-210 kg N ha-1，基肥：分蘖肥：穗肥= 5:2:3；ICM2，240-270 kg N ha-1，基肥：分蘖肥：穗肥：粒肥= 5:2:2:1），并评估了不同作物管理策略下水稻产量、碳足迹、氮足迹、能源足迹、氮素利用效率和经济效益的差异。结果表明，不同作物管理策略下的水稻产量存在显著差异，ICM2 在三个地点的产量均高于 CCM 和 ICM1。在荆州、随州和长沙，ICM2 的产量分别比 CCM 高 30.2%、24.7% 和 13.3%。此外，荆州、随州和长沙 ICM2 的净利润分别比 CCM 和 ICM1 高 31.8% 和 115.2%、32.2% 和 109.9% 以及 15.4% 和 34.0%。综合作物管理策略，特别是 ICM2，提高了氮肥和能源利用效率，从而减少了碳、氮、水和能源足迹。总体而言，基于 FCNWEP 框架计算的综合可持续性得分表明，与 CCM 相比，ICM2 和 ICM1 表现出更高的可持续性水平。本研究为水稻生产的实际管理措施提供了科学指导，并为加强农业可持续性提出了建议。

Abstract:


The breakthrough in super hybrid rice yield has significantly contributed to China’s and global food security.  However, the inherent conflict between high productivity and environmentally sustainable agriculture poses substantial challenges.  Issues such as water scarcity, energy crises, escalating greenhouse gas emissions, and diminishing farm profitability threaten long-term agricultural sustainability.  In response, we applied a holistic food–carbon–nitrogen–water–energy–profit (FCNWEP) nexus framework to comprehensively assess the sustainability of distinct crop management strategies across three sub-sites in Central China.  Field experiments were conducted in Hubei and Hunan provinces from 2017 to 2021 using a widely adopted elite super hybrid rice cultivar (Y-liangyou 900). Four crop management treatments were implemented: a control (CK, 0 kg N ha−1), conventional crop management (CCM, 210–250 kg N ha−1, 7:3 basal:mid-tiller fertilizer ratio), and two integrated crop management (ICM) treatments (ICM1, 180–210 kg N ha−1, 5:2:3 basal:mid-tiller:panicle initiation fertilizer ratio; ICM2, 240–270 kg N ha−1, 5:2:2:1 basal:mid-tiller:panicle initiation:flowering fertilizer ratio).  Variables assessed included grain yield, carbon footprint, nitrogen footprint, water footprint, energy footprint, nitrogen use efficiency, and economic benefits.  Our results showed significant yield variations, with ICM2 consistently outperforming CCM and ICM1 across all three sites.  In Jingzhou, Suizhou, and Changsha, ICM2’s grain yield was 30.2, 24.7, and 13.3% higher than CCM, respectively.  Net profits under ICM2 exceeded those of CCM and ICM1 by 31.8 and 115.2% in Jingzhou, 32.2 and 109.9% in Suizhou, and 15.4 and 34.0% in Changsha, respectively.  Integrated crop management, particularly ICM2, demonstrated improved nitrogen and energy use efficiency, leading to reduced carbon, nitrogen, water, and energy footprints.  Overall, composite sustainability scores derived from the FCNWEP framework indicated that both ICM2 and ICM1 exhibited higher sustainability levels compared to CCM.  This study provides valuable insights into practical management methodologies and offers recommendations for enhancing agricultural sustainability.


Key words: super hybrid ,  ecological footprint ,  rice production ,  integrated crop management ,  sustainability