多巴胺通过调控生理抗逆力和根际微生物群落结构提高苹果再植病抗性

doi:10.1016/j.jia.2024.07.011

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

多种胁迫因素诱发的苹果再植病是一种复杂的农业问题，会升高植株的活性氧水平，并且限制养分利用。然而，现有的对策难以有效应对这一挑战。本研究中，我们以平邑甜茶为实验材料，利用盆栽实验方式来研究多巴胺缓解ARD的能力。外源施用100 μmol L^-1多巴胺显著促进了再植土中苹果的生长，相对生长速率提高17.44%。我们的研究结果揭示了多巴胺调节苹果ARD抗性的两条主要途径。首先，多巴胺有效降低ROS水平，激活氮转运和代谢相关基因的表达。其中，MdNPL5、MdNRT1.1、MdNPL2、MdNRT2.5、MdNPL3、MdNRT2.4、MdNADH-GAGOT和MdFd-GAGOT受多巴胺强烈调控。这些调控作用促进了苹果植株对土壤氮的吸收和利用。其次，多巴胺改善了土壤理化性质，增强了微生物群落多样性，促进了微生物群落之间的相互协作关系。此外，多巴胺还改变了根际土壤微生物的结构 (上调: Clostridiales, Gaiellales, Sordariales和Mortierellales; 下调：Micrococcales, Longimicrobium, Hypocreales 和 Cystobasidiales)。值得注意的是，多巴胺显著上调了Gaiella和 Mortierella的丰度。这两种菌属的丰度与土壤脲酶活性、土壤有效氮含量、植物生长和氮吸收均呈显著正相关关系。多巴胺还显著降低了再植土壤中植物病原菌Gibberella的丰度(11.71倍)。我们的研究结果揭示了多巴胺促进ARD抗性的机制，将有助于苹果产业的可持续发展。

Abstract:

Apple replant disease (ARD) is a complex agricultural problem caused by multiple stressors that can lead to increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels and limited nutrient utilization in plants. However, existing countermeasures cannot effectively address this challenge. Here, we used Malus hupehensis as a test organism to investigate whether the pleiotropic molecule dopamine can alleviate ARD using pot experiments. Exogenous application of 100 μmol L^–1 dopamine significantly promoted the growth of apple seedlings in the replanted soil, with a relative growth rate increase of 17.44%. Our results revealed two major pathways by which dopamine regulates ARD resistance in apple trees. First, dopamine effectively reduces the level of ROS and activates the expression of genes related to nitrogen (N) transport and metabolism. Among those genes, MdNLP5, MdNRT1.1, MdNLP2, MdNRT2.5, MdNLP3, MdNRT2.4, MdNADH-GAGOT, and MdFd-GAGOT were strongly regulated by dopamine. These regulatory effects promoted the uptake and utilization of soil N by the plants. Second, dopamine improved the physical and chemical properties, enhanced microbial community diversity, and promoted mutual cooperation between microbial communities in the soil. Furthermore, dopamine altered the microbial structure of rhizosphere soil (upregulating Clostridiales, Gaiellales, Sordariales and Mortierellales; downregulating Micrococcales, Longimicrobiales, Hypocreales and Cystobasidiales). Notably, dopamine significantly upregulated the abundances of Gaiella and Mortierella, both of which were positively correlated with soil urease activity, soil available N content, plant growth and N uptake. Dopamine also significantly downregulated the abundance of the plant pathogen Gibberella (by 11.71-fold) in replant soil. Our results provide insights into the mechanisms by which dopamine promotes ARD resistance, and can promote the sustainable development of the apple industry.

Key words: continuous cropping barrier , exogenous dopamine , Malus hupehensis Rehd , ¹⁵N-labeling , soil microbiome

Peihua Du, Yang Cao, Huaite Liu, Jiahao Ji, Wei Sun, Xueying Zhang, Jizhong Xu, Bowen Liang. 多巴胺通过调控生理抗逆力和根际微生物群落结构提高苹果再植病抗性[J]. Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 2024, 23(9): 3025-3044.

Peihua Du, Yang Cao, Huaite Liu, Jiahao Ji, Wei Sun, Xueying Zhang, Jizhong Xu, Bowen Liang. Dopamine improves apple replant disease resistance by regulating physiological resilience and rhizosphere microbial community structure[J]. Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 2024, 23(9): 3025-3044.

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