优化氮肥和种植密度通过调控冠层光氮分布改良水稻产量和资源利用效率

doi:10.1016/j.jia.2024.04.006

Journal of Integrative Agriculture ›› 2026, Vol. 25 ›› Issue (1): 81-91.DOI: 10.1016/j.jia.2024.04.006

优化氮肥和种植密度通过调控冠层光氮分布改良水稻产量和资源利用效率

收稿日期:2024-01-17 修回日期:2024-04-10 接受日期:2024-03-11 出版日期:2026-01-20 发布日期:2025-12-05

Optimizing nitrogen application and planting density improves yield and resource use efficiency via regulating canopy light and nitrogen distribution in rice

Zichen Liu¹, Liyan Shang¹, Shuaijun Dai¹, Jiayu Ye¹, Tian Sheng¹, Jun Deng¹, Ke Liu¹, Shah Fahad², Xiaohai Tian¹, Yunbo Zhang¹, Liying Huang^1#

¹^{Key Laboratory of Sustainable Crop Production in the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River (co-construction by Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs and Hubei Province)/Hubei Key Laboratory of Waterlogging Disaster and Agricultural Use of Wetland/College of Agriculture, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434025, China}
²Department of Agronomy, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa 23200, Pakistan

Received:2024-01-17 Revised:2024-04-10 Accepted:2024-03-11 Online:2026-01-20 Published:2025-12-05
About author:Zichen Liu, E-mail: 13307185039@163.com; #Correspondence Liying Huang, E-mail: lyhuang8901@126.com
Supported by:
This work was supported by the Hubei Provincial Science and Technology Project, China (2025CSA039) and the National Natural Science Foundation of China (32001467).

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

协调冠层内光照和氮素分布对提高水稻产量和资源利用效率至关重要。然而，有关种植密度和施氮量对水稻冠层光氮分布特性的影响及其与产量、光能利用效率（RUE）和氮素籽粒生产效率（NUEg）的关系研究较少。本研究以2个杂交稻品种为材料，在0 （N1）、90 （N2）和180 kg N ha^-1（N3）3个氮肥及22.2（D1）和33.3 hills m^-2 （D2）2个种植密度处理下进行了2年的大田试验。与N3D1处理相比，N2D2处理的产量和NUEg分别提高了3.4%和4.4%。氮肥和密度及其二者互作效应均对冠层光衰减系数（K_L）、冠层氮素衰减系数（K_N）和冠层光氮匹配指数（K_N/K_L）影响显著。K_N均随着施氮量或种植密度的增加而降低，与N1相比，N2和N3处理的K_N分别降低了43.5%和58.8%，而D2处理的K_N较D1降低了16.0 %。K_L和K_N/K_L值在低氮处理下较高，但在高氮处理下较低，增加种植密度导致K_L和K_N/K_L值降低。此外，与N3D1相比，N2D2处理具有较高的K_L和K_N，因此具有可比较的K_N/K_L。相关分析表明，K_L与花前RUE呈显著负相关，而K_N和K_N/K_L与NUEg呈显著正相关。因此，在减氮投入下增加种植密度可以通过调控冠层光照和氮素分布，在保障水稻产量的同时提高资源利用效率。

Abstract:

Coordinating light and nitrogen (N) distribution within a canopy is essential for improving rice yield and resource use efficiency. However, limited research has examined light and N distribution in response to planting density and N rate, and their relationships with grain yield, radiation use efficiency (RUE), and N use efficiency for grain production (NUEg) in rice. A two-year field experiment was conducted with two hybrid varieties under three N levels, 0 kg ha^–1 (N1), 90 kg ha^–1 (N2) and 180 kg ha^–1 (N3), and two planting densities, 22.2 hills m^–2 (D1) and 33.3 hills m^–2 (D2). Results showed 3.4% higher yield and 4.4% higher NUEg under N2D2 compared with N3D1. The extinction coefficient for N (K_N) and light (K_L) and their ratio (K_N/K_L) at heading stage were significantly influenced by N rate, planting density, and their interaction. K_N decreased with the increase of N input or planting density. Compared to N1, K_N decreased by 43.5 and 58.8% under N2 and N3, respectively, while K_N under D2 decreased by 16.0% compared to D1. Higher K_L and K_N/K_L values occurred under low N rates, with opposite trends under high N rates. Increased planting density led to decreased K_L and K_N/K_L values. N2D2 demonstrated higher K_L and K_N, and thus comparable K_N/K_L, compared to N3D1. Correlation analysis revealed K_L negatively correlated with RUE, while K_N and K_N/K_L positively correlated with NUEg. These findings indicate that increasing planting density under reduced N input could maintain rice yield while enhancing resource use efficiency through regulation of canopy light and N distribution.

Key words: canopy light and N distribution , nitrogen input , planting density , high yield and high efficiency , hybrid rice

. 优化氮肥和种植密度通过调控冠层光氮分布改良水稻产量和资源利用效率[J]. Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 2026, 25(1): 81-91.

Zichen Liu, Liyan Shang, Shuaijun Dai, Jiayu Ye, Tian Sheng, Jun Deng, Ke Liu, Shah Fahad, Xiaohai Tian, Yunbo Zhang, Liying Huang. Optimizing nitrogen application and planting density improves yield and resource use efficiency via regulating canopy light and nitrogen distribution in rice[J]. Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 2026, 25(1): 81-91.

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优化氮肥和种植密度通过调控冠层光氮分布改良水稻产量和资源利用效率

Optimizing nitrogen application and planting density improves yield and resource use efficiency via regulating canopy light and nitrogen distribution in rice

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