量化籽粒灌浆期间叶色改良水稻基因型的源库关系

doi:10.1016/j.jia.2024.03.034

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

【研究意义与科学问题】叶色修饰会影响冠层光合作用，从而对水稻产量及产量构成有潜在影响。此外，通过作物管理调节源库关系已被证明是提高作物生产力的有效策略。本研究旨在调查叶色修饰是否以及如何改变源库关系，以及当前的作物栽培实践是否仍然适用于叶色修饰后的基因型。【实验材料与方法】定期收集来自四种不同遗传背景的水稻基因型及其叶色（“持绿”或“黄化”）变体的总生物量和氮积累数据进行分析，并使用最近建立的模型方法来量化其灌浆期间源库平衡与否。【实验结果】在所有叶色变体基因型中，只有一种黄叶变体显示出比其对照基因型更高的源容量。这一现象与氮素的统筹分配有关。根本原因是该基因型减少了开花前的氮吸收，导致花后土壤氮含量充足并增加了花后氮吸收，进而延长了花后功能性叶氮持续时间。密度实验表明，当前的管理实践（种植密度不足且施氮量过多）不适合水稻黄叶基因型，最终限制了其产量潜力。【实验结论】叶色修饰通过调节花前与花后氮收支平衡以及源库器官之间的氮素迁移来影响水稻的源库关系。为了更好地利用叶色修饰来提高作物生产力，有必要进一步调整作物生产管理实践。

Abstract:

Leaf-color modification can affect canopy photosynthesis, with potential effects on rice yield and yield components. Modulating source–sink relationships through crop management is often used to improve crop productivity. This study investigated whether and how modifying leaf color alters source–sink relationships and whether current crop cultivation practices remain applicable for leaf-color modified genotypes. Periodically collected data of total biomass and nitrogen (N) accumulation in rice genotypes of four genetic backgrounds and their leaf-color modified variants (greener or yellower) were analyzed, using a recently established modelling method to quantify the source–sink (im)balance during grain filling. Among all leaf-color variants, only one yellower-leaf variant showed a higher source capacity than its normal genotype. This was associated with greater post-flowering N-uptake that prolonged the functional leaf-N duration, and this greater post-flowering N-uptake was possible because of reduced pre-flowering N-uptake. A density experiment showed that current management practices (insufficient planting density accompanied by abundant N application) are unsuitable for the yellower-leaf genotype, ultimately limiting its yield potential. Leaf-color modification affects source–sink relationships by regulating the N trade-off between pre-and post-flowering uptake, as well as N translocation between source and sink organs. To best exploit leaf-color modification for improving crop productivity, adjustments of crop management practices are required.

Key words: source–sink relationship , biomass , nitrogen , Oryza sativa , leaf-colour modification

Zhenxiang Zhou, Paul C. Struik, Junfei Gu, Peter E. L. van der Putten, Zhiqin Wang, Jianchang Yang, Xinyou Yin. 量化籽粒灌浆期间叶色改良水稻基因型的源库关系[J]. Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 2024, 23(9): 2923-2940.

Zhenxiang Zhou, Paul C. Struik, Junfei Gu, Peter E. L. van der Putten, Zhiqin Wang, Jianchang Yang, Xinyou Yin. Quantifying source–sink relationships in leaf-color modified rice genotypes during grain filling[J]. Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 2024, 23(9): 2923-2940.

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