Journal of Integrative Agriculture ›› 2024, Vol. 23 ›› Issue (11): 3882-3895.DOI: 10.1016/j.jia.2024.03.022

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生物炭特性驱动的生态系统服务和作物生产力之间的权衡与协同

  

  • 收稿日期:2023-10-07 接受日期:2024-01-08 出版日期:2024-11-20 发布日期:2024-10-10

Biochar induced trade-offs and synergies between ecosystem services and crop productivity

Jinxia Wang1, Qiu Huang1, Kai Peng1, Dayang Yang1, 2, Guozhen Wei1, Yunfei Ren1, Yixuan Wang1, Xiukang Wang3, Nangia Vinay4, Shikun Sun5, Yanming Yang6, Fei Mo1#   

  1. 1 College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China

    2 Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Technology Extension Center, Linzhi 860000, China

    3 College of Life Sciences, Yan’an University, Yan’an 716000, China

    4 International Center for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas (ICARDA), Raba 6299-10112t, Morocco

    5 College of Water Resources and Architectural Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China

    6 College of Agronomy, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010019, China

  • Received:2023-10-07 Accepted:2024-01-08 Online:2024-11-20 Published:2024-10-10
  • About author:Jinxia Wang, Mobile: +86-13470067015, E-mail: wangjinxia@nwafu.edu.cn; #Correspondence Fei Mo, Mobile: +86-18710929182, E-mail: mofei@nwafu.edu.cn
  • Supported by:
    The research was funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (32272233), the National Key Research and Development Program of China (2023YFD2302300), the Shaanxi Innovative Talents Promotion Plan, China (2023KJXX-012), and the Science and Technology Plan Project of Inner Mongolia, China (2022YFDZ0018).

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摘要：

生物炭还田为农业可持续发展创造了新机遇。然而，生物炭制备条件和配套管理措施是生物炭还田效益的主要制约因素，这也是在全球农田系统中所观测到的生物炭还田生产生态效益及其对农业可持续发展的贡献尚存在差异的根源所在。本研究利用Second order meta-analysis方法对34,628个生物炭添加和未添加的配对观测数据进行再分析，首次定量评估了生物炭制备条件和管理措施对多项生态系统服务的影响。总体而言，生物炭还田增强了植物的毒性缓解和生理调节、土壤的修复和固碳、微生物功能基因等能力。然而，在养分循环、微生物功能、减缓气候变化和土壤微生物群落方面，生物炭施用引起了作物生产力与生态系统服务之间的权衡。进一步发现：采用污水污泥物为原料、且在高温热解下生产的较低碳氮比的生物炭，配合适量的肥料施用，能够保证作物生产力与多种生态系统服务之间的协同共济。整体上，本研究强调因地制宜建立生物炭制备与施用方案对缓解特定条件下土壤结构和功能障碍的重要性。本文量化的协同和权衡关系可为构建粮食安全保障能力与必要生态服务功能协同提升的生物炭可持续发展框架提供参考依据。

Abstract:

Biochar amendment offers a chance for sustainable agriculture. However, the effectiveness of biochar relies on its physical and chemical properties, which are heavily affected by biochar production conditions and management practices. Therefore, substantial uncertainties regarding the use of biochar exist in agricultural systems globally. This study provides the first quantitative evaluation of the impacts of biochar characteristics and management practices on key ecosystem services by performing a second-order meta-analysis based on 34,628 paired observations in biochar-amended and unamended systems. Overall, biochar enhances phytotoxicity alleviation, physiology regulation, soil remediation and carbon sequestration, and microbial functional gene abundance. However, some prominent trade-offs exist between crop productivity and ecosystem service deliveries including for nutrient cycling, microbial function, climate change mitigation, and the soil microbial community). The adoption of low C:N biochar produced at high pyrolysis temperatures from sewage sludge-derived feedstock, in combination with a moderate application rate and inorganic fertilizer input, shows potential for achieving synergistic promotion of crop productivity and ecosystem services. These outcomes highlight the need for judicious implementation of biochar-based solutions to site-specific soil constraints. The quantified synergy and tradeoff relationships will aid the establishment of a sustainable biochar development framework that strengthens necessary ecosystem services commensurate with food security assurance.

Key words: biochar , soil remediation ,  phytotoxicity alleviation ,  carbon sequestration ,  productivity