Journal of Integrative Agriculture ›› 2024, Vol. 23 ›› Issue (11): 3843-3859.DOI: 10.1016/j.jia.2023.11.006

• • 上一篇    下一篇

视黄醇可能参与禁食后肉仔鸡肠道再生并增强肠道功能

  

  • 收稿日期:2023-03-24 接受日期:2023-09-11 出版日期:2024-11-20 发布日期:2024-10-10

Retinol is involved in the intestinal regeneration and strengthens the intestinal barrier during refeeding in broiler chickens

Youli Wang1, Huajin Zhou2, Jing Chen3, Yuqin Wu2, Yuming Guo2, Bo Wang2, Jianmin Yuan2#   

  1. 1 Key Laboratory of Qinghai Tibetan Plateau Animal Genetic Resource Reservation and Utilization, Ministry of Education/Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province for Qinghai Tibetan Plateau Animal Genetic Resource Reservation and Exploitation, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu 610041, China

    2 State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China

    3 Sichuan New Hope Liuhe Technology Innovation Co. Ltd., Chengdu 610100, China

  • Received:2023-03-24 Accepted:2023-09-11 Online:2024-11-20 Published:2024-10-10
  • About author:Youli Wang, E-mail: wangylwy@163.com; #Correspondance Jianmin Yuan, Tel: +86-10-62732337, E-mail: yuanjm@cau.edu.cn
  • Supported by:
    This work was supported by the funding of the National Natural Science Foundation of China (32072752) and the Southwest Minzu University Double World-Class Project, China (XM2023011).

PDF

摘要：

在评价肉仔鸡饲料代谢能之前，通常会采用禁食的方法排空胃肠道。我们以往的研究发现禁食提高饲料代谢能值和养分消化率。目的：禁食是否会通过改变肠道屏障功能而影响肠道通透性，进而影响营养物质的吸收是一个值得关注的问题。方法：本研究中，我们将 23 日龄的肉仔鸡随机分配到 5 个处理中，分别禁食 0、12、24、36 和 48 小时，然后再恢复采食 2 天，来研究禁食对肠道屏障的影响。结果：研究发现在恢复采食2 d后禁食对肠绒毛的损伤基本恢复。随着禁食时间的延长，肠绒毛上的肠细胞呈线性和二次曲线增多（P < 0.05），而每个肠绒毛上的杯状细胞呈线性下降（P < 0.05）。此外，恢复采食期间，溶菌酶（lysozyme）的 mRNA 水平随着禁食时间的延长呈线性下降（P <0.05），而粘蛋白 2（mucin2）仅在恢复采食 1 d 时呈二次曲线增长（P <0.05）。恢复采食 1 d 后，闭合蛋白2（claudin 2）和 闭锁小带1（zonula occludens-1）的表达随禁食时间延长而增加（P < 0.05），而恢复采食 2 d 后，闭合蛋白2与禁食时间呈线性和二次曲线效应（P < 0.05）。此外，随着禁食时间的延长，肠道对肌酐、4 kDa 和 70 kDa 右旋糖酐的通透性均呈线性和二次曲线下降（P < 0.05）。此外，对禁食 6 小时的肉仔鸡空肠进行蛋白质组学分析发现，与自由采食肉仔鸡相比，禁食 36 小时的肉鸡体内抗菌肽水平升高，视黄醇代谢增强（P < 0.05）。进一步的研究表明，视黄醇酯的分解代谢在禁食期间受到抑制，而在恢复采食期间得到增强。鸡肠道类器官培养结果显示，视黄醇有利于细胞增殖和小肠干细胞向吸收型细胞—肠细胞的分化。结论：禁食通过增强肠道屏障功能降低了恢复采食期间小肠上皮细胞对小分子和大分子物质的通透性，而恢复采食期间激活的视黄醇代谢促进肠细胞的分化，进而增强小肠上皮细胞通过跨膜转运吸收养分的途径。创新：本研究采用蛋白质组学以及小肠类器官模型等新技术研究传统营养，发现禁食通过增强小肠上皮细胞的跨膜转运吸收途径来提高饲料代谢能值，导致饲料代谢能值被高估，这一结果为饲料营养价值评定提供一定参考。

Abstract:

Fasting is typically used before feeding metabolizable energy assessment in broilers.  Previous studies have shown that fasting cause atrophy of the intestinal villus.  Whether fasting affects intestinal permeability during refeeding by altering barrier function and nutrient absorption is of concern.  Here, 23-d-old broilers were randomly assigned to 5 treatments, fasted for 0, 12, 24, 36, and 48 h, respectively, and then refed for 2 d, to study the impact of different duration of fasting on the intestinal regeneration and barrier function during refeeding.  Results showed that the intestinal morphology in fasted birds was recovered in 2 d of refeeding at most.  As fasting durations increased, enterocytes per intestinal villus were linearly and quadratically increased (both P<0.05), whereas goblet cells per intestinal villus was linearly decreased (both P<0.05).  Besides, the mRNA level of lysozyme was linearly decreased as fasting durations increased during refeeding (both P<0.05), while quadratically increased mucin 2 was observed only after 1 d of refeeding (P<0.05).  Linear increase effects were observed for claudin 2 and zonula occludens-1 with increased fasting durations after 1 d of refeeding (all P<0.05), and linear and quadratical effects were observed for claudin 2 at 2 d of refeeding (both P<0.05).  Besides, we found that intestinal permeability to creatinine, 4 and 70 kD dextran were linearly and quadratically decreased with increased fasting durations at 6 h and 1 d of refeeding (all P<0.05).  Furthermore, jejunum proteomic from birds refed for 6 h showed that birds fasted for 36 h showed increased antimicrobial peptides and upregulated retinol metabolism when compared to the nonfasted birds (P<0.05).  Further study showed that retinyl ester catabolism was inhibited during fasting and enhanced during refeeding.  Results of intestinal organoid culture showed that retinol benefits the cell proliferation and enterocyte differentiation.  In conclusion, the intestinal permeability to small and large molecules was decreased during refeeding by strengthening the intestinal barrier function, and the activated retinol metabolism during refeeding is involved in the intestinal regeneration and strengthens the intestinal barrier. 

Key words: broiler chicken , fasting ,  intestinal barrier ,  intestinal permeability ,  retinol