基于番茄产量、品质、碳排放和资源利用效率协同提升的灌水-氮肥-生物炭动态调控

doi:10.1016/j.jia.2023.06.006

Journal of Integrative Agriculture ›› 2024, Vol. 23 ›› Issue (2): 680-697.DOI: 10.1016/j.jia.2023.06.006

基于番茄产量、品质、碳排放和资源利用效率协同提升的灌水-氮肥-生物炭动态调控

收稿日期:2023-02-22 接受日期:2023-03-11 出版日期:2024-02-20 发布日期:2024-01-30

Dynamic regulation of the irrigation–nitrogen–biochar nexus for the synergy of yield, quality, carbon emission and resource use efficiency in tomato

Ping’an Zhang^{1, 2}, Mo Li^{1, 2#}, Qiang Fu^{1, 2}, Vijay P. Singh^{3, 4}, Changzheng Du⁵, Dong Liu^{1, 2}, Tianxiao Li^{1, 2}, Aizheng Yang^{1, 2#}

¹School of Water Conservancy & Civil Engineering, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
²Key Laboratory of Effective Utilization of Agricultural Water Resources, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
³Department of Biological and Agricultural Engineering & Zachry Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, Texas A&M University, TX 77843-117, USA
⁴National Water and Energy Center, UAE University, AI Ain, 999041, United Arab Emirates
⁵Heilongjiang Agricultural Engineering Vocational College, Harbin 150030, China

Received:2023-02-22 Accepted:2023-03-11 Online:2024-02-20 Published:2024-01-30
About author:Ping’an Zhang, E-mail: zpa1116@126.com; #Correspondence Mo Li, Tel: +86-451-55191619, E-mail: limo0828@neau.edu.cn; Aizheng Yang, Tel: +86-451-55191405, E-mail: aizheng.yang@neau.edu.cn
Supported by:
This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (52222902 and 52079029).

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

水肥综合管理对于促进设施农业可持续发展具有重要地位，生物炭在保障粮食产量、缓解水资源短缺和肥料过度使用等方面发挥着重要作用。本研究通过田间试验和优化模型相结合的方法，寻求番茄产量提高、品质提升、水氮利用效率提高和温室排放降低的多目标协同的灌水-氮肥-生物炭施用制度。首先，布置灌水-氮肥-生物炭耦合小区试验。其次，基于试验测定番茄产量与果实品质参数，构建了全生育期灌水-氮肥-生物炭用量与产量、番茄综合品质（TCQ）、灌溉水利用效率（IWUE）、氮肥偏生产力（PFPN）和温室气体净排放量（NGE）之间的响应关系。最后，构建了番茄不同生育期灌水-氮肥-生物炭资源配置的多目标动态优化调控模型，并通过模糊规划方法求解模型。结果表明，生物炭配施灌水和氮肥有助于促进产量、IWUE、PFPN的提升，而对NGE有抑制作用。此外，在不同情景下，水肥的最优配置量也不同。S1（情景1）产量较T2处理提高了8.31%；S2（情景2）TCQ较T5处理提高了5.14%；S3（情景3）IWUE较T3处理提高了10.01%；S4（情景4）PFPN 较T2处理提高了9.35%；S5（情景5）NGE较T5降低了11.23%。优化模型结果表明，当灌水-氮肥-生物炭用量为205.18 mm-186 kg ha^-1-43.31 t ha^-1时，考虑产量、TCQ、IWUE、PFPN和NGE的多个目标的协调性与每个处理相比平均提高了4.44%-69.02%。本研究为温室番茄水肥的可持续管理提供有效的方法。

Abstract:

Integrated water and fertilizer management is important for promoting sustainable development of facility agriculture, and biochar plays an important role in guaranteeing food production, as well as alleviating water shortages and the overuse of fertilizers. The field experiment had twelve treatments and a control (CK) trial including two irrigation amounts (I₁, 100% ET_m; I₂, 60% ET_m; where ET_m is the maximum evapotranspiration), two nitrogen applications (N₁, 360 kg ha^–1; N₂, 120 kg ha^–1) and three biochar application levels (B₁, 60 t ha^–1; B₂, 30 t ha^–1 and B₃, 0 t ha^–1). A multi-objective synergistic irrigation–nitrogen–biochar application system for improving tomato yield, quality, water and nitrogen use efficiency, and greenhouse emissions was developed by integrating the techniques of experimentation and optimization. First, a coupled irrigation–nitrogen–biochar plot experiment was arranged. Then, tomato yield and fruit quality parameters were determined experimentally to establish the response relationships between irrigation–nitrogen–biochar dosage and yield, comprehensive quality of tomatoes (TCQ), irrigation water use efficiency (IWUE), partial factor productivity of nitrogen (PFPN), and net greenhouse gas emissions (NGE). Finally, a multi-objective dynamic optimization regulation model of irrigation–nitrogen–biochar resource allocation at different growth stages of tomato was constructed which was solved by the fuzzy programming method. The results showed that the application of irrigation and nitrogen to biochar promoted increase in yield, IWUE and PFPN, while it had an inhibitory effect on NGE. In addition, the optimal allocation amounts of water and fertilizer were different under different scenarios. The yield of the S1 scenario increased by 8.31% compared to the B₁I₁N₂ treatment; TCQ of the S2 scenario increased by 5.14% compared to the B₂I₂N₁ treatment; IWUE of the S3 scenario increased by 10.01% compared to the B₁I₂N₂ treatment; PFPN of the S4 scenario increased by 9.35% compared to the B₁I₁N₂ treatment; and NGE of the S5 scenario decreased by 11.23% compared to the B₂I₁N₁ treatment. The optimization model showed that the coordination of multiple objectives considering yield, TCQ, IWUE, PFPN, and NGE increased on average from 4.44 to 69.02% compared to each treatment when the irrigation–nitrogen–biochar dosage was 205.18 mm, 186 kg ha^–1 and 43.31 t ha^–1, respectively. This study provides a guiding basis for the sustainable management of water and fertilizer in greenhouse tomato production under drip irrigation fertilization conditions.

Key words: irrigation-nitrogen-biochar , dynamic regulation , multi-dimensional target collaboration , tomato , sustainability

. 基于番茄产量、品质、碳排放和资源利用效率协同提升的灌水-氮肥-生物炭动态调控[J]. Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 2024, 23(2): 680-697.

Ping’an Zhang, Mo Li, Qiang Fu, Vijay P. Singh, Changzheng Du, Dong Liu, Tianxiao Li, Aizheng Yang.

Dynamic regulation of the irrigation–nitrogen–biochar nexus for the synergy of yield, quality, carbon emission and resource use efficiency in tomato [J]. Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 2024, 23(2): 680-697.

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基于番茄产量、品质、碳排放和资源利用效率协同提升的灌水-氮肥-生物炭动态调控

Dynamic regulation of the irrigation–nitrogen–biochar nexus for the synergy of yield, quality, carbon emission and resource use efficiency in tomato

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