Journal of Integrative Agriculture ›› 2024, Vol. 23 ›› Issue (2): 511-535.DOI: 10.1016/j.jia.2023.05.009

• • 上一篇    下一篇

不同种植方式下氮硅施肥对早季籼型香稻2-乙酰-1-吡咯啉和稻米品质的调控

  

  • 收稿日期:2023-01-17 接受日期:2023-04-07 出版日期:2024-02-20 发布日期:2024-01-29

Regulation of 2-acetyl-1-pyrroline and grain quality in early-season indica fragrant rice by nitrogen and silicon fertilization under different plantation methods

Yongjian Chen1*, Lan Dai1*, Siren Cheng2, 3*, Yong Ren2, 3, Huizi Deng1, Xinyi Wang1, Yuzhan Li1, Xiangru Tang1, 4, 5#, Zaiman Wang6, Zhaowen Mo1, 4, 5#   

  1. 1 State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China

    2 Guangxi Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources Chemistry and Biotechnology, Yulin Normal University, Yulin 537000, China

    3 Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Bio-Resources, Education Department of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region/College of Biology and Pharmacy, Yulin Normal University, Yulin 537000, China

    4 Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Crop Cultivation in South China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangzhou 510642, China

    5 Guangzhou Key Laboratory for Science and Technology of Fragrant Rice, Guangzhou 510642, China

    6 Key Laboratory of Key Technology for South Agricultural Machine and Equipment, Ministry of Education/College of Engineering, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China

  • Received:2023-01-17 Accepted:2023-04-07 Online:2024-02-20 Published:2024-01-29
  • About author:#Correspondence Zhaowen Mo, Tel: +86-20-85288466-617, E-mail: scaumozhw@126.com; Xiangru Tang, E-mail: tangxr@scau.edu.cn * These authors contributed equally to this study.
  • Supported by:

    This project was financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31601244 and 31971843), the Guangdong Provincial Key Field Research and Development Plan Project, China (2019B020221003), and the Modern Agricultural Industrial Technology System of Guangdong Province, China (2020KJ105).

PDF

摘要：

香稻因其含有怡人的挥发性香味而备受广大稻米消费者的青睐，香米具有非常高的市场价值。种植方式、氮肥和硅肥可以影响香稻的产量和香味。氮肥、硅肥和不同种植方式对香稻的整精米产量和香味特征物2-乙酰-1-吡咯啉含量等重要商品性指标的影响研究鲜有报道。本研究以籼型香稻栽培品种玉香油占和象牙香占为试验材料，于2018和2019年早季进行了大田试验，设置六个氮-硅配施处理（硅肥用量为0 kg Si ha-1 (Si0)和150 kg Si ha-1 (Si1)，氮肥用量为0 kg N ha-1 (N0)、150 kg N ha-1 (N1)和220 kg N ha-1 (N2)）和三种种植方法方式处理，分别为人工移栽、机插秧和机械穴直播。结果表明，氮-硅配施和种植方式对不同香稻品种的整精米产量和2-乙酰-1-吡咯啉含量及相关指标有显著影响。与Si0N0处理相比，氮硅配施处理下香稻具有较高的整精米产量和2-乙酰-1-吡咯啉含量。氮硅配施处理改善了香稻的糙米率、精米率、整精米率和垩白粒率。氮-硅施肥处理提高了氮代谢酶活性，促进了香稻植株不同器官的氮和硅积累，影响了香稻的抗氧化响应指标。通过冗余分析评估获得了影响整精米产量和2-乙酰-1-吡咯啉含量的关键参数。进一步应用结构方程模型探明了氮和硅的积累通过影响香稻的氮代谢酶活性、氮素利用效率和稻米品质性状调控整精米产量。此外，较高的氮和硅积累直接促进了2-乙酰-1-吡咯啉合成或通过影响了抗氧化响应指标而间接调控2-乙酰-1-吡咯啉的合成。不同香稻品种的整精米产量和2-乙酰-1-吡咯啉含量对机插秧和氮硅配施的响应有差异；机械穴直播条件下进行氮硅配施处理有利于提高香稻品种的2-乙酰-1-吡咯啉含量。

Abstract: Fragrant rice has a high market value, and it is a popular rice type among consumers owing to its pleasant flavor.  Plantation methods, nitrogen (N) fertilizers, and silicon (Si) fertilizers can affect the grain yield and fragrance of fragrant rice.  However, the core commercial rice production attributes, namely the head rice yield (HRY) and 2-acetyl-1-pyrroline (2-AP) content of fragrant rice, under various nitrogen and silicon (N-Si) fertilization levels and different plantation methods remain unknown.  The field experiment in this study was performed in the early seasons of 2018 and 2019 with two popular indica fragrant rice cultivars (Yuxiangyouzhan and Xiangyaxiangzhan).  They were grown under six N-Si fertilization treatments (combinations of two levels of Si fertilizer, 0 kg Si ha−1 (Si0) and 150 kg Si ha−1 (Si1), and three levels of N fertilizer, 0 kg N ha−1 (N0), 150 kg N ha−1 (N1), and 220 kg N ha−1 (N2)) and three plantation methods (artificial transplanting (AT), mechanical transplanting (MT), and mechanical direct-seeding (MD)).  The results showed that the N-Si fertilization treatments and all the plantation methods significantly affected the HRY and 2-AP content and related parameters of the two different fragrant rice cultivars.  Compared with the Si0N0 treatment, the N-Si fertilization treatments resulted in higher HRY and 2-AP contents.  The rates of brown rice, milled rice, head rice, and chalky rice of the fragrant rice also improved with the N-Si fertilization treatments.  The N-Si fertilization treatments increased the activities of N metabolism enzymes and the accumulation of N and Si in various parts of the fragrant rice, and affected their antioxidant response parameters.  The key parameters for the HRY and 2-AP content were assessed by redundancy analysis.  Furthermore, the structural equation model revealed that the Si and N accumulation levels indirectly affected the HRY by affecting the N metabolism enzyme activity, N use efficiency, and grain quality of fragrant rice.  Moreover, high N and Si accumulation directly promoted the 2-AP content or affected the antioxidant response parameters and indirectly regulated 2-AP synthesis.  The interactions of the MT method with the N-Si fertilization treatments varied in the fragrant rice cultivars in terms of the HRY and 2-AP content, whereas the MD method was beneficial to the 2-AP content in both fragrant rice cultivars under the N-Si fertilization treatments.

Key words: fragrant rice ,  2-AP content ,  head rice yield ,  mechanical planting ,  nitrogen ,  silicon