4R养分管理显著减少集约化作物种植体系氨排放并提高作物产量

doi:10.1016/j.jia.2022.12.008

Journal of Integrative Agriculture ›› 2023, Vol. 22 ›› Issue (6): 1883-1895.DOI: 10.1016/j.jia.2022.12.008

4R养分管理显著减少集约化作物种植体系氨排放并提高作物产量

收稿日期:2022-08-12 修回日期:2022-12-27 接受日期:2022-11-14 出版日期:2023-06-20 发布日期:2022-11-14

Significant reduction of ammonia emissions while increasing crop yields using the 4R nutrient stewardship in an intensive cropping system

ZHANG Chong¹, WANG Dan-dan¹, ZHAO Yong-jian¹, XIAO Yu-lin¹, CHEN Huan-xuan¹, LIU He-pu², FENG Li-yuan², YU Chang-hao², JU Xiao-tang^1#

¹College of Tropical Crops, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, P.R.China
²College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, P.R.China

Received:2022-08-12 Revised:2022-12-27 Accepted:2022-11-14 Online:2023-06-20 Published:2022-11-14
About author:ZHANG Chong, E-mail: zhangchong@hainanu.edu.cn; #Correspondence JU Xiao-tang, Mobile: +86-13426072652, E-mail: juxt@cau.edu.cn
Supported by:
This work was supported by the Hainan Key Research and Development Project, China (ZDYF2021XDNY184), the Hainan Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China (422RC597), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (41830751), the Hainan Major Science and Technology Program, China (ZDKJ2021008), and the Hainan University Startup Fund, China (KYQD(ZR)-20098).

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

减少氨排放是提高大气环境质量的重要途径之一，农田是全球重要的氨排放来源，合理的农田管理是减少氨排放并获得较高目标产量的基础。本研究基于不同施肥措施的冬小麦-夏玉米轮作长期定位试验，定量氨排放、作物产量和土壤肥力变化，研究全面实施4R养分管理能否显著降低土壤氨排放至较低水平，并研究4R养分管理与有机肥投入的交互作用。结果表明，与传统的高施氮量化肥处理相比，4R养分管理显着降低氨排放量至6 kg N ha^-1 yr^-1（排放因子1.72%），同时维持较高的籽粒产量（12.37 Mg ha^-1 yr^-1）和土壤肥力（土壤有机碳7.58 g kg^-1)。将4R养分管理与有机肥结合，其NH₃排放量（7 kg N ha^-1 yr^-1）和排放因子（1.74%）与4R养分管理相当，同时粮食产量和土壤有机碳分别增加到14.79 Mg ha^-1 yr^-1 和10.09 g kg^-1。与传统的高施氮量化肥处理相比，部分有机肥替代不仅显著减少NH₃排放，而且还提高作物产量和土壤肥力，而秸秆还田对NH₃排放无显著影响。本研究结果强调了通过将4R养分管理与有机肥投入相结合实现碳氮耦合，能够同时实现较高的作物产量和低的环境代价。

Abstract:

Ammonia (NH₃) emissions should be mitigated to improve environmental quality. Croplands are one of the largest NH₃ sources, they must be managed properly to reduce their emissions while achieving the target yields. Herein, we report the NH₃ emissions, crop yield and changes in soil fertility in a long-term trial with various fertilization regimes, to explore whether NH₃ emissions can be significantly reduced using the 4R nutrient stewardship (4Rs), and its interaction with the organic amendments (i.e., manure and straw) in a wheat–maize rotation. Implementing the 4Rs significantly reduced NH₃ emissions to 6 kg N ha^–1 yr^–1 and the emission factor to 1.72%, without compromising grain yield (12.37 Mg ha^–1 yr^–1) and soil fertility (soil organic carbon of 7.58 g kg^–1) compared to the conventional chemical N management. When using the 4R plus manure, NH₃ emissions (7 kg N ha^–1 yr^–1) and the emission factor (1.74%) were as low as 4Rs, and grain yield and soil organic carbon increased to 14.79 Mg ha^–1 yr^–1 and 10.09 g kg^–1, respectively. Partial manure substitution not only significantly reduced NH₃ emissions but also increased crop yields and improved soil fertility, compared to conventional chemical N management. Straw return exerted a minor effect on NH₃ emissions. These results highlight that 4R plus manure, which couples nitrogen and carbon management can help achieve both high yields and low environmental costs.

Key words: ammonia emission , crop yield , 4R nutrient stewardship , partial manure substitution , winter wheat-summer maize cropping system

. 4R养分管理显著减少集约化作物种植体系氨排放并提高作物产量[J]. Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 2023, 22(6): 1883-1895.

ZHANG Chong, WANG Dan-dan, ZHAO Yong-jian, XIAO Yu-lin, CHEN Huan-xuan, LIU He-pu, FENG Li-yuan, YU Chang-hao, JU Xiao-tang. Significant reduction of ammonia emissions while increasing crop yields using the 4R nutrient stewardship in an intensive cropping system[J]. Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 2023, 22(6): 1883-1895.

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4R养分管理显著减少集约化作物种植体系氨排放并提高作物产量

Significant reduction of ammonia emissions while increasing crop yields using the 4R nutrient stewardship in an intensive cropping system

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