JIA-2022-0285 分根区交替滴灌条件下施肥频率对土壤氮素分布和番茄产量的影响

doi:10.1016/j.jia.2022.09.002

Journal of Integrative Agriculture ›› 2023, Vol. 22 ›› Issue (3): 897-907.DOI: 10.1016/j.jia.2022.09.002

JIA-2022-0285 分根区交替滴灌条件下施肥频率对土壤氮素分布和番茄产量的影响

收稿日期:2022-03-07 接受日期:2022-05-24 出版日期:2023-03-20 发布日期:2022-05-24

Effect of fertigation frequency on soil nitrogen distribution and tomato yield under alternate partial root-zone drip irrigation

FENG Xu-yu¹, PU Jing-xuan¹, LIU Hai-jun^{2, 3}, WANG Dan¹, LIU Yu-hang¹, QIAO Shu-ting¹, LEI Tao¹, LIU Rong-hao^{1, 4#}

¹College of Water Resources Science and Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, P.R.China
²College of Water Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, P.R.China
³Beijing Key Laboratory of Urban Hydrological Cycle and Sponge City Technology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, P.R.China
⁴Shanxi Province Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Nutrient Resources, Taiyuan 030031, P.R.China

Received:2022-03-07 Accepted:2022-05-24 Online:2023-03-20 Published:2022-05-24
About author:FENG Xu-yu, E-mail: f1248442949@163.com; #Correspondence LIU Rong-hao, Tel: +86-351-6010102, E-mail: liuronghao@tyut.edu.cn
Supported by:
The study was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (51809189) and the Shanxi Province Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Nutrient Resources, China (2019002).

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

分根区交替滴灌施肥(ADF)是将交替灌溉与滴灌施肥相结合的灌溉施肥技术，具有节水和提高氮肥利用率的潜力。通过研究ADF下不同施肥频率对土壤水分养分分布及番茄产量的影响，以期为设施番茄的生产提高理论依据。试验于2019-2020年5-10月进行，试验设置了3个ADF灌溉施肥频率F3（3d）、F6（6d）、F12（12d），并设常规滴灌施肥处理作为对照（CK，施肥频率为6天）；所有处理的总施氮量均为180 kg ha^-1。对于ADF处理，在植株两侧10 cm处分别放置2根滴灌带，通过滴灌带上配置的手动阀门实现交替滴灌施肥；对于CK处理，在番茄根部附近放置1根滴灌带。CK处理两年的总灌水量分别为450.6和446.1 mm；而ADF处理的灌水量为CK处理的60%。结果表明：随着滴灌施肥频率的增加，高频率的F3处理引起水分和无机N主要分布在0–40 cm土层，而40–60 cm土层较少。与CK处理相比，F6处理在0–20和20–40 cm土层无机N两年的平均含量分别增加21.0%和29.0%，而在40–60 cm土层降低23.0 %。F3、F6、F12和CK处理2年的平均番茄产量分别为107.5、102.6、87.2和98.7 t ha^-1。F3处理的番茄产量较F12处理显著高23.3 %，而F3和F6处理之间无显著差异。F6处理的番茄产量与CK处理无显著性差异，说明ADF在减少40%灌溉水的前提下能够保持番茄产量。综合考虑土壤水分养分分布以及番茄的产量，ADF条件下6天的施肥频率可以作为温室番茄生产中一种水肥调控管理策略。

Abstract:

Alternate partial root-zone drip fertigation (ADF) is a combination of alternating irrigation and drip fertigation, with the potential to save water and increase nitrogen (N) fertilizer efficiency. A 2-year greenhouse experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of different fertigation frequencies on the distribution of soil moisture and nutrients and tomato yield under ADF. The treatments included three ADF frequencies with intervals of 3 days (F3), 6 days (F6) and 12 days (F12), and conventional drip fertigation as a control (CK), which was fertilized once every 6 days. For the ADF treatments, two drip tapes were placed 10 cm away on each side of the tomato row, and alternate drip irrigation was realized using a manual valve on the distribution tapes. For the CK treatment, a drip tape was located close to the roots of the tomato plants. The total N application rate of all treatments was 180 kg ha–1. The total irrigation amounts applied to the CK treatment were 450.6 and 446.1 mm in 2019 and 2020, respectively; and the irrigation amounts applied to the ADF treatments were 60% of those of the CK treatment. The F3 treatment resulted in water and N being distributed mainly in the 0–40-cm soil layer with less water and N being distributed in the 40–60-cm soil layer. The F6 treatment led to 21.0 and 29.0% higher 2-year average concentration of mineral N in the 0–20 and 20–40-cm soil layer, respectively and a 23.0% lower N concentration in the 40–60-cm soil layer than in the CK treatment. The 2-year average tomato yields of the F3, F6, F12, and CK treatments were 107.5, 102.6, 87.2, and 98.7 t ha–1, respectively. The tomato yield of F3 was significantly higher (23.3%) than that in the F12 treatment, whereas there was no significant difference between the F3 and F6 treatment. The F6 treatment resulted in yield similar to the CK treatment, indicating that ADF could maintain tomato yield with a 40% saving in water use. Based on the distribution of water and N, and tomato yield, a fertigation frequency of 6 days under ADF should be considered as a water-saving strategy for greenhouse tomato production.

Key words: alternate partial root-zone irrigation , drip fertigation , soil water , soil mineral content , tomato yield

. JIA-2022-0285 分根区交替滴灌条件下施肥频率对土壤氮素分布和番茄产量的影响[J]. Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 2023, 22(3): 897-907.

FENG Xu-yu, PU Jing-xuan, LIU Hai-jun, WANG Dan, LIU Yu-hang, QIAO Shu-ting, LEI Tao, LIU Rong-hao. Effect of fertigation frequency on soil nitrogen distribution and tomato yield under alternate partial root-zone drip irrigation[J]. Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 2023, 22(3): 897-907.

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JIA-2022-0285 分根区交替滴灌条件下施肥频率对土壤氮素分布和番茄产量的影响

Effect of fertigation frequency on soil nitrogen distribution and tomato yield under alternate partial root-zone drip irrigation

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