JIA-2022-0402 唑硒脲破坏了小菜蛾的中肠并导致其畸形发育

doi:10.1016/j.jia.2022.09.001

Journal of Integrative Agriculture ›› 2023, Vol. 22 ›› Issue (4): 1104-1116.DOI: 10.1016/j.jia.2022.09.001

JIA-2022-0402 唑硒脲破坏了小菜蛾的中肠并导致其畸形发育

收稿日期:2022-03-29 接受日期:2022-05-05 出版日期:2023-04-20 发布日期:2022-05-05

Azole selenourea disrupted the midgut and caused malformed development of Plutella xylostella

GUO Xue-ying^{1, 2*}, HUANG Zi-hao^1*, XIONG Lan-tu¹, DONG Li¹, HUANG Yue-kun¹, WEI Lin-hao¹, TANG Ri-yuan^{1, 2#}, WANG Zhi-lin¹, XU Han-hong²

¹Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Materials and Energy, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, P.R.China
²Key Laboratory of Natural Pesticide & Chemical Biology of Ministry of Education, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, P.R.China

Received:2022-03-29 Accepted:2022-05-05 Online:2023-04-20 Published:2022-05-05
About author:Received 29 March, 2022 Accepted 5 May, 2022 GUO Xue-ying, E-mail: 13794375314@163.com; HUANG Zi-hao, E-mail: 2360482723@qq.com; #Correspondence TANG Ri-yuan, Mobile: +86-13825112030, E-mail: rytang@scau.edu.cn * These authors contributed equally to this study.
Supported by:
This work was financially supported by funding from the Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation, China (2019B151502052), and the Program of Science and Technology of Guangzhou, China (202002030295).

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

以小菜蛾（Plutella xylostella）的消化系统为靶标的化学杀虫剂至今尚未报道。创制一款具有新型作用机制的用于小菜蛾防控的杀虫剂仍然是一个巨大的挑战。为了探索以小菜蛾中肠为靶标的新型杀虫剂，设计并合成了一系列以二氟甲基和硒修饰的新型氟唑硒脲（FASU）化合物。室内杀虫测试结果表明，化合物B4对小菜蛾的杀虫活性最高，3龄和2龄小菜蛾幼虫72 h的半致死浓度LC₅₀值分别为32.33，4.63 μg mL^-1。化合物B4导致小菜蛾中肠严重受损，诱发产生众多的红色斑点。超微结构显示小菜蛾中肠围食膜降解，上皮组织肿胀，微绒毛断裂及细胞消融解体。化合物B4亚致死浓度（LC₁₀，LC₂₅和LC₅₀）处理后，幼虫发育缓慢，幼虫历期显著延长，蛹重，化蛹率，羽化率均显著下降。此外，化合物B4可诱发畸形蛹，导致成虫不能破茧或翅膀畸形不能飞翔。以上结果表明，氟唑硒脲化合物对对小菜蛾具有较好的杀虫活性，在亚致死浓度下，可以降低小菜蛾的种群数量。值得注意的是，氟唑硒脲是首次报道的可诱导小菜蛾中肠损伤的合成杀虫剂先导化合物，其作用机理与现有商品化杀虫剂均不同。

Abstract:

Chemical insecticides targeting the digestive system of diamondback moth (DBM), Plutella xylostella, have not been developed. The discovery of an insecticide with novel mode of action is a challenge for the control of DBM. In this study, a class of selenium- and difluoromethyl-modified azoles (fluoroazole selenoureas, FASU) were designed and synthesized for the control of DBM. Of these azoles, compound B4 showed the highest insecticidal activity against DBM. The LC₅₀of third- and second-instar larvae reached 32.3 and 4.6 μg mL^–1, respectively. The midgut tissue of larvae was severely disrupted, and the larval intestinal tissue was dotted with unique red spots after treatment with compound B4. Compound B4 led to disintegration of the peritrophic matrix, swelling of the midgut epithelium, fracture of the microvilli, and extensive leakage of cellular debris in the midgut lumen. Surviving larvae grew very slowly, and the larval duration was significantly prolonged after exposure to compound B4 at sublethal doses (LC₁₀, LC₂₅ and LC₅₀). Furthermore, the pupation rate, emergence rate and pupae weight were significantly decreased. Compound B4 also induced abnormal pupae, causing adults to be trapped in the cocoon or failure to fly due to twisted wings. These results demonstrated that FASU could reduce the population of DBM in sublethal doses. FASU is the first synthetic insecticidal lead compound that has been shown to disrupt the midgut tissue of the larvae of DBM, and its mode of action totally differs from that of commercial chemical insecticides.

Key words: Plutella xylostella , azole , selenium , digestive system , midgut

GUO Xue-ying, HUANG Zi-hao, XIONG Lan-tu, DONG Li, HUANG Yue-kun, WEI Lin-hao, TANG Ri-yuan, WANG Zhi-lin, XU Han-hong. JIA-2022-0402 唑硒脲破坏了小菜蛾的中肠并导致其畸形发育[J]. Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 2023, 22(4): 1104-1116.

GUO Xue-ying, HUANG Zi-hao, XIONG Lan-tu, DONG Li, HUANG Yue-kun, WEI Lin-hao, TANG Ri-yuan, WANG Zhi-lin, XU Han-hong.

Azole selenourea disrupted the midgut and caused malformed development of Plutella xylostella [J]. Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 2023, 22(4): 1104-1116.

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JIA-2022-0402 唑硒脲破坏了小菜蛾的中肠并导致其畸形发育

Azole selenourea disrupted the midgut and caused malformed development of Plutella xylostella

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