Journal of Integrative Agriculture ›› 2022, Vol. 21 ›› Issue (11): 3245-3262.DOI: 10.1016/j.jia.2022.08.086

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JIA-2021-0758 强大的“纳米武器”纳米氧化铜诱导烟草对土传疫霉病菌的抗性研究

  

  • 收稿日期:2021-11-29 接受日期:2022-04-26 出版日期:2022-11-01 发布日期:2022-04-26

Nonphytotoxic copper oxide nanoparticles are powerful “nanoweapons” that trigger resistance in tobacco against the soil-borne fungal pathogen Phytophthora nicotianae

CHEN Juan-ni1, WU Lin-tong2, SONG Kun1, ZHU Yun-song1, DING Wei1   

  1. 1 Laboratory of Natural Product Pesticides, College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, P.R.China

    2 Jingxi Marketing Department of Basie of Guangxi Tobacco Company, Baise, Guangxi 533899, P.R.China

  • Received:2021-11-29 Accepted:2022-04-26 Online:2022-11-01 Published:2022-04-26
  • About author:CHEN Juan-ni, chenhuanni521@126.com; Correspondence DING Wei, Tel/Fax: +86-23-68250953, E-mail: dingw@swu.edu.cn
  • Supported by:

    The authors acknowledge the financial support by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (32001934) and the Key science and technology project of Sichuan Tobacco Company (SCYC202114).

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摘要： 由于金属纳米颗粒具有较高的抗菌性能，且不易导致病原体产生耐药性的风险，纳米颗粒作为杀菌剂在可持续农业中的潜在应用发展迅速。近几年，氧化铜纳米颗粒(CuO NPs)因其低毒、经济以及高效的抗菌性被广泛应用于农业病害防控领域，但是有关 CuO NPs对土传真菌的抑制作用还不清楚。本研究通过室内毒力测定和盆栽试验方法，旨在探讨CuO NPs对烟草疫霉菌（Phytophthora nicotianae）的体外抗真菌活性及灌根施用对烟草黑胫病的防治效果。结果表明，CuO NPs极大地干扰了该真菌的生殖生长过程，在特定浓度下显著性抑制了菌丝生长、孢子萌发和孢子囊的产生，且抑真菌效应表现出明显的浓度依赖性。此外，菌丝形态损伤、细胞内ROS积累和菌丝SOD酶活性升高也是CuO NPs的抗真菌作用机制。另外，盆栽试验发现相比于对照，100 mg/L CuO NPs灌根处理对烟草黑胫病的防治效果达到33.69%，且未影响作物生长。CuO NPs能显著激活烟草的一系列防御酶和抗性基因，这进一步解释CuO NPs抑制真菌侵染烟草植株的机制。另外，100 mg/L CuO NPs处理后烟叶和根中的铜含量分别比健康烟叶提高了50.03%和27.25%，根中铜含量明显高于叶片。本研究探索了CuO NPs作为纳米杀菌剂和真菌抗性诱导剂的潜力，通过抑制病原菌侵染和刺激植物防御来防控烟草黑胫病，研究结果为拓宽金属纳米粒子在植保抗菌领域中的应用提供了有力的科学依据。

Abstract:

Investigations into the potential application of nanoparticles acting as nanofungicides in sustainable agriculture are rapidly expanding due to the high antimicrobial properties of these compounds, which do not risk inducing pathogen resistance to fungicides.  A detailed understanding of the impact of copper oxide nanoparticles (CuO NPs) on soil-borne phytopathogenic fungi is yet to be obtained.  This study aimed to explore the in vitro antifungal activity and control efficacy of CuO NPs applied via irrigation with respect to tobacco black shank (TBS) disease caused by Phytophthora nicotianae.  The results revealed that CuO NPs greatly interfered with the reproductive growth process of this fungus, repressing hyphal growth, spore germination and sporangium production.  Additionally, morphological damage, intracellular ROS accumulation and increased SOD enzyme activity in hyphae were the antifungicidal mechanisms of these NPs.  In pot experiments, treatment with CuO NPs at 100 mg L–1 significantly suppressed TBS development, compared with the effect on control plants, and the control efficacy reached 33.69% without inducing phytotoxicity.  Exposure to CuO NPs significantly activated a series of defense enzymes, and resistance genes in tobacco can further explain the mechanisms by which CuO NPs suppressed fungal infection.  The Cu content in both the leaves and roots of P. nicotianae-infested plants increased by 50.03 and 27.25%, respectively, after treatment with 100 mg L–1 CuO NPs, compared with that of healthy plants.  In particular, a higher Cu content was observed in infected roots than in leaves.  Therefore, this study showed the potential of CuO NPs applied as nanofungicides and as nanoinducers of fungus resistance genes for the management of TBS through inhibition of pathogen infection and stimulation of plant defenses.

Key words: Nicotiana tabacum L. ,  tobacco black shank disease , cupper oxide nanoparticles , fungicidal activities , defense response stimulant