从细胞死亡视角探究植物免疫

doi:10.1016/S2095-3119(21)63728-0

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

细胞死亡是多细胞生物生命中一种重要的生理现象。当呼吸和新陈代谢等正常功能停止时，将会发生细胞死亡。细胞死亡可分为程序性细胞死亡和非程序性细胞死亡。正常组织中发生的程序性细胞死亡，通常是维持组织机能和形态所必须的。非程序性细胞死亡则通常由非生物或生物胁迫引起。近年来，大量研究报道植物在抵御病原菌时出现了细胞死亡现象。通过分析调控植物免疫反应和细胞死亡的蛋白（PICD），发现PICD主要参与丝裂原活化蛋白激酶（MAPK）级联、活性氧（ROS）、植物激素、泛素-蛋白酶体系统、Ca²⁺信号、物质转运等六种主要的反应过程，且这些反应过程存在内在的联系。同时，PICD主要分为八类，如：含有核苷酸结合结构域和富含亮氨酸重复序列的蛋白（NLR）蛋白、受体或类受体激酶、E3泛素连接酶和其相关蛋白、ATP和GTP相关蛋白、转录因子、14-3-3蛋白和其相关蛋白、类eEF1A蛋白和丝氨酸蛋白酶抑制子，部分PICD类型具有单、双子叶植物特异性。植物细胞死亡不仅与病原相关分子模式激发的免疫反应（PTI）、效应因子激发的免疫反应（ETI）紧密相关，也与系统获得性抗性（SAR）存在重要关联。PICD在细胞外基质、细胞膜、细胞质、细胞核、线粒体、叶绿体、内质网膜、多囊泡体等众多细胞结构中均有分布，表明细胞在应对病原菌侵染和调控自身死亡时存在精妙地协同调控作用。此外，植物在抵御病原菌时的细胞死亡，通常对其自身的生长发育不利。通过筛选优异的等位变异和基因编辑等技术手段，期望达到植物免疫和生长发育间的平衡，以此增强PICD在植物应用领域中的潜力。

Abstract: Cell death is an important physiological phenomenon in life. It can be programmed or unprogrammed. Unprogrammed cell death is usually induced by abiotic or biotic stress. Recent studies have shown that many proteins regulate both cell death and immunity in plants. Here, we provide a review on the advances in plant immunity with cell death, especially the molecular regulation and underlying mechanisms of those proteins involved in both cell death and plant immunity. In addition, we discuss potential approaches toward improving plant immunity without compromising plant growth.

Key words: cell death , unprogrammed cell death , programmed cell death , hypersensitive response , reactive oxygen species , plant immunity , resistance

. 从细胞死亡视角探究植物免疫 [J]. Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 2022, 21(3): 610-620.

YIN Jun-jie, XIONG Jun, XU Li-ting, CHEN Xue-wei, LI Wei-tao. Recent advances in plant immunity with cell death: A review[J]. Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 2022, 21(3): 610-620.

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