Journal of Integrative Agriculture ›› 2021, Vol. 20 ›› Issue (4): 1080-1091.DOI: 10.1016/S2095-3119(20)63373-1

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  • 收稿日期:2020-02-20 出版日期:2021-04-01 发布日期:2021-03-28

Status and path of intergenerational transmission of poverty in rural China: A human capital investment perspective

BAI Yun-li1, 2, ZHANG Lin-xiu2, 1, SUN Ming-xing1, 2, XU Xiang-bo1, 2    

  1. 1 Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, P.R.China
    2 UN Environment Programme-International Ecosystem Management Partnership, Beijing 100101, P.R.China
  • Received:2020-02-20 Online:2021-04-01 Published:2021-03-28
  • Contact: Correspondence BAI Yun-li, Tel: +86-10-64889834, E-mail: ylbai.ccap@igsnrr.ac.cn
  • Supported by:
    We acknowledge the financial supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (71903185 and 71661147001), the Strategic Priority Research Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences (XDA20010303), and the National Social Science Fund of China (18ZDA005).

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摘要：

贫困代际传递是全球减贫的核心问题。本研究使用2008年、2012年、2016年和2019年中国5省25个县100个村2000户的追踪调研数据，采用定性和定量方法，通过估计农村非农工资代际传递，研究了中国农村的贫困代际传递问题，并从进入劳动力市场前儿童人力资本投资的角度阐述了贫困的代际传递机制。研究发现，在中国农村地区非农工资存在显著的代际传递，尤其是在父亲非农工资与子女非农工资、父母平均非农工资与子女非农工资之间。但农村非农工资代际传递的弹性远小于城市，表明农村的社会流动性优于城市。父母非农工资高的孩子在进入劳动力市场前，在有可能在接受高等教育、掌握更多技能方面获得更多投资。通过三个案例分析进一步表明，儿童人力资本投资打破了贫困的代际传递，促进了社会流动。


Abstract:

This paper focused on the intergenerational transmission of poverty in rural China by estimating the intergenerational transmission of earnings and stated its mechanism from the perspective of human capital investment before children participated in the labor market.  The data used in this study were longitude data collected in 2 000 households of 100 villages among 25 counties across five provinces in 2005, 2008, 2012, 2016, and 2019.  Qualitative and quantitative methods were adopted.  We found a significant intergenerational transmission of earnings in rural China, especially for the pairs of father–children and parents–children.  The intergenerational earnings’ elasticities were much less than those in urban areas, which indicated better social mobility in rural areas than that in urban China.  The children with parents who could earn much were more likely to be invested before they participated in the labor market, gain a high education and have more skills.  Three cases further showed that the mechanism of human capital investment in children breaking the intergenerational transmission of poverty and promoting social mobility.

Key words: poverty ,  intergenerational transmission ,  human capital ,  rural China