不同覆盖时期和覆盖方式对旱地冬小麦经济和环境效应的影响

毛安然,赵护兵,杨慧敏,王涛,陈秀文,梁文娟

Effects of Different Mulching Periods and Mulching Practices on Economic Return and Environment

MAO AnRan,ZHAO HuBing,YANG HuiMin,WANG Tao,CHEN XiuWen,LIANG WenJuan

表2 不同覆盖时期以及覆盖方式下对冬小麦水分利用的影响

Table 2 Effect of different mulching periods and mulching practices on water use of winter wheat

年份 Year 覆盖时期 Mulching period 覆盖方式 Mulching practice 播前蓄水量 Soil water storage before seeding (mm) 收获后蓄水量 Soil water storage after the harvest (mm) 生育期总耗水 Evapotranspiration,ET (mm) 水分利用效率 Water use efficiency (kg·hm-2·mm-1) 2017—2018 夏闲期 Summer fallow period RM+FS 388.45a 297.43a 395.22b 12.64a PM 438.28a 310.00a 432.47ab 12.04a SM 464.58a 310.78a 458.00a 13.25a 均值Mean 430.44A 306.07A 428.56A 12.64A 周年 Year-round RM+FS 388.45a 316.96a 601.11a 12.87a PM 438.28a 301.31a 441.16b 10.66a SM 464.58a 295.17a 473.61b 10.74a 均值Mean 430.44A 304.48A 505.30A 11.42A 2018—2019 夏闲期 Summer fallow period RM+FS 483.92b 335.00a 294.82b 15.94a PM 497.87ab 335.86a 307.92ab 15.45a SM 521.52a 341.09a 326.33a 15.42a 均值Mean 501.10A 337.31A 309.69A 15.60A 周年 Year-round RM+FS 497.37a 306.56a 336.71a 16.13a PM 504.38a 287.46a 362.82a 19.07a SM 527.82a 325.85a 347.87a 18.67a 均值Mean 509.86A 306.62A 349.13A 17.96A 两年平均 Average 夏闲期 Summer fallow period RM+FS 436.18b 316.21a 345.02b 14.29a PM 468.07ab 322.93a 370.19ab 13.75a SM 493.05a 325.94a 392.16a 14.34a 均值Mean 465.77A 321.69A 369.13B 14.12B 周年 Year-round RM+FS 442.91b 311.76a 356.20b 14.50a PM 471.33ab 294.39a 401.99a 14.87a SM 496.20a 310.51a 410.74a 14.71a 均值Mean 470.15A 305.55A 389.65A 14.69A