宁夏引黄灌区春小麦氮磷钾需求及化肥减施潜力

王西娜,于金铭,谭军利,张佳群,魏照清,王朝辉

Requirement of Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium and Potential of Reducing Fertilizer Application of Spring Wheat in Yellow River Irrigation Area of Ningxia

WANG XiNa,YU JinMing,TAN JunLi,ZHANG JiaQun,WEI ZhaoQing,WANG ZhaoHui

表3 农户春小麦产量水平及氮、磷、钾施用量（n=243）

Table 3 Yield levels of spring wheat and N, P, and K fertilizer application of farmers

指标 Index		产量等级Yield grade (kg·hm^-2)					平均值 Average value
指标 Index		低 Very low <4500	偏低 Low 4500-5250	中 Middle 5250-6000	偏高 High 6000-7500	高 Very high >7500	平均值 Average value
产量 Grain yield	农户比例Farmers’ ratio (%)	2.06	6.17	9.05	57.61	25.10	/
产量 Grain yield	平均产量Average yield (kg·hm^-2)	4264±480	5156±184	5824±240	7116±382	7775±161	6985±867
施肥量 Fertilization amount (kg·hm^-2)	N	392±84	281±79	342±86	291±43	277±31	294±54
	P₂O₅	228±51	205±58	183±61	158±40	146±34	162±46
	K₂O	63±17	102±59	81±36	47±35	30±23	49±39
过量施肥量 Over fertilization amount (kg·hm^-2)	N	212-167	101-56	162-117	111-66	97-52	114-69
	P₂O₅	108-48	85-25	63-3	38--22	26--34	42--18
	K₂O	-17--38	23-2	2--19	-33--54	-49--70	-30--51
过量施肥农户占总农户比例 Proportion of farmers with over fertilization in total farmers (%)	N	100	73.3	95.5	99.4	98.4	97.1
	P₂O₅	100	60.0	40.9	14.4	4.9	20.2
	K₂O	0	40.0	22.7	9.4	1.6	11.5