有机肥替代化肥对旱地小麦产量和养分利用效率的影响及其经济环境效应
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张奇茹,谢英荷,李廷亮,刘凯,姜丽伟,曹静,邵靖琳
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Effects of Organic Fertilizers Replacing Chemical Fertilizers on Yield, Nutrient Use Efficiency, Economic and Environmental Benefits of Dryland Wheat
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ZHANG QiRu,XIE YingHe,LI TingLiang,LIU Kai,JIANG LiWei,CAO Jing,SHAO JingLin
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表2 2013—2018年各处理小麦产量构成及效益
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Table 2 Composition and benefits of wheat production from 2013 to 2018
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年度
Year | 处理Treatment | 籽粒产量
Grain yield (kg·hm-2) | 生物产量
Biological yield (kg·hm-2) | 产量构成Yield component | 成本
Cost
(yuan/hm2) | 产量收入
Income
(yuan/hm2) | 纯收入
Net profit
(yuan/hm2) | 公顷穗数
Spike number
(×104·hm-2) | 穗粒数
Kernel number per spike | 千粒重
1000-grain
weight (g) | | 2013—2014 | FP | 4562.7c | 9948.3c | 480.2c | 19.5a | 48.9a | 5853.0 | 10950.4 | 5097.4d | | OF | 5245.9b | 12565.7b | 533.6b | 19.7a | 47.7a | 6162.3 | 12590.1 | 6427.9c | | OFM | 5685.8a | 12591.6ab | 597.6a | 19.0a | 50.1a | 5879.5 | 13645.9 | 7766.4b | | OFB | 5893.9a | 13235.2a | 603.1a | 20.6a | 50.6a | 5879.5 | 14145.3 | 8265.8a | | 2014—2015 | FP | 4716.0c | 10222.8c | 550.7c | 23.8a | 42.2b | 5958.0 | 11318.5 | 5360.5d | | OF | 5050.9b | 11572.7b | 641.3a | 24.3a | 42.1b | 5632.3 | 12122.2 | 6489.9bc | | OFM | 5236.3ab | 12179.4a | 557.0c | 23.1a | 43.6a | 5705.0 | 12567.1 | 6862.1ab | | OFB | 5400.0a | 12559.0a | 595.6b | 23.6a | 44.1a | 5705.0 | 12960.0 | 7255.0a | | 2015—2016 | FP | 3334.1c | 7367.2c | 450.2bc | 22.0b | 41.7b | 5958.0 | 8001.8 | 2043.8c | | OF | 3825.4ab | 8360.2ab | 487.2b | 21.6b | 44.1a | 5629.2 | 9180.9 | 3551.7ab | | OFM | 3944.9ab | 8152.9ab | 447.3bc | 25.2a | 43.8a | 5713.2 | 9467.8 | 3935.7ab | | OFB | 4107.2a | 8673.3a | 513.7a | 24.1a | 44.2a | 5713.2 | 9857.2 | 4325.1a | | 2016—2017 | FP | 5091.6c | 11748.5c | 507.4b | 24.4ab | 43.7ab | 5958.0 | 12219.9 | 6261.9ab | | OF | 5582.7b | 12244.7b | 550.2ab | 24.8ab | 43.2ab | 5906.4 | 13398.4 | 7492.0ab | | OFM | 5869.9a | 13637.6a | 567.4a | 23.3b | 43.3ab | 6316.6 | 14087.8 | 7771.2a | | OFB | 6062.6a | 13356.4ab | 571.2a | 27.4a | 44.5a | 6316.6 | 14550.2 | 8233.6a | | 2017—2018 | FP | 2927.4c | 9840.5ab | 351.4ab | 19.5a | 37.9a | 5958.0 | 7318.4 | 1360.4b | | OF | 3100.4bc | 9763.6ab | 330.4b | 19.7a | 38.9a | 5982.8 | 7751.1 | 1767.9b | | OFM | 3440.3ab | 11141.7a | 395.9a | 20.3a | 39.9a | 5896.8 | 8600.6 | 2703.6a | | OFB | 3584.6a | 11084.0a | 416.6a | 21.6a | 41.0a | 5896.8 | 8961.5 | 3064.4a | | 平均值Mean | FP | 4126.4c | 9825.5c | 467.8b | 21.9b | 42.8b | 5937.0 | 9961.8 | 4024.8c | | OF | 4561.1b | 10901.4b | 508.4b | 22.0ab | 43.2b | 5862.7 | 11008.5 | 5145.9b | | OFM | 4835.5a | 11540.6ab | 512.7ab | 22.2ab | 44.4a | 5902.2 | 11673.9 | 5807.8a | | OFB | 5009.6a | 11781.6a | 539.9a | 23.5a | 45.0a | 5902.2 | 12094.8 | 6228.8a |
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