我国主要粮食作物秸秆还田养分资源量及其对小麦化肥减施的启示

李廷亮,王宇峰,王嘉豪,栗丽,谢钧宇,李丽娜,黄晓磊,谢英荷

Nutrient Resource Quantity from Main Grain Crop Straw Incorporation and Its Enlightenment on Chemical Fertilizer Reduction in Wheat Production in China

LI TingLiang,WANG YuFeng,WANG JiaHao,LI Li,XIE JunYu,LI LiNa,HUANG XiaoLei,XIE YingHe

表8 我国不同种植制度下基于土壤养分含量的小麦推荐施肥量

Table 8 Recommended fertilization rate of wheat based on soil nutrient content under different wheat cropping systems in China

小麦种植制度 Wheat cropping systems 小麦产量水平 Yield level of wheat (kg·hm-2) 土壤养分含量 Soil nutrient content 小麦推荐施肥量 Recommended fertilization rate of wheat (kg·hm-2) 土壤硝态氮 Soil nitrate nitrogen (kg·hm-2) 土壤有效磷 Soil available P (P, mg·kg-1) 土壤速效钾 Soil available K (K, mg·kg-1) N P2O5 K2O 一年一作小麦[130,131] （北方旱作麦区） Wheat monoculture (Dryland wheat production region in north China) 4000 <50 <5 <120 192 88 108 50—100 5—10 120—150 147 66.0 54 100—150 10—15 150—200 97 44.0 32 150—200 15—20 >200 47 22.0 0 >200 >20 — 30 13 — 小麦玉米轮作[5,131-133] Wheat-maize rotation 7500 — <7 <90 175—184 160 60 — 7—14 90—120 130 30 — 14—30 120—150 100 0 — 30—40 >150 50 0 — >40 — 0 — 稻麦轮作[131-133,5] Rice-wheat rotation 6000 — <5 <50 150—225 140 120 — 5—10 50—100 105 90 — 10—20 100—130 70 60 — 20—30 130—160 35 30 — >30 >160 0 0