陕西省粮食生产的减肥潜力及经济环境效益
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张欣欣,石磊,何刚,王朝辉
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Potential of Fertilizer Reduction and Benefits of Environment and Economic for Cereal Crops Production in Shaanxi Province
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ZHANG XinXin,SHI Lei,HE Gang,WANG ZhaoHui
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表3 小麦、玉米和水稻的减肥潜力与环境代价
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Table 3 The potential of fertilizer reduction and environmental costs of wheat, maize and rice
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作物 Crop | 产量水平 Yield level | 产量 Yield (kg·hm-2) | 氮肥过量 Excessive N rate (kg N·hm-2) | 磷肥过量 Excessive P rate (kg P2O5·hm-2) | 钾肥过量 Excessive K rate (kg K2O·hm-2) | 活性氮损失强度 Nr losses intensity | FPex | Rec | % | FPex | Rec | % | FPex | Rec | % | 平均值 Mean (kg N·t-1) | % | 小麦 Wheat | 低产Low | 3227 | 174 | 90 | 48 | 122 | 34 | 72 | 68 | 23 | 66 | 8.5 a | 33 | 适中Mid | 4534 | 212 | 127 | 40 | 113 | 48 | 58 | 88 | 33 | 63 | 6.8 b | 24 | 高产High | 5846 | 255 | 164 | 36 | 112 | 61 | 46 | 104 | 42 | 60 | 5.6 c | 16 | 平均Mean | 4573 | 218 | 128 | 41 | 116 | 48 | 59 | 81 | 33 | 59 | 6.9 | 26 | 玉米 Maize | 低产Low | 5327 | 248 | 93 | 63 | 106 | 26 | 75 | 81 | 24 | 70 | 4.8 a | 50 | 适中Mid | 7688 | 279 | 134 | 52 | 131 | 37 | 72 | 96 | 35 | 64 | 3.5 b | 43 | 高产High | 10715 | 359 | 186 | 48 | 196 | 51 | 74 | 153 | 49 | 68 | 2.6 c | 31 | 平均Mean | 7319 | 280 | 127 | 55 | 132 | 35 | 73 | 101 | 34 | 66 | 3.8 | 45 | 水稻 Rice | 低产Low | 6446 | 276 | 110 | 60 | 90 | 33 | 63 | 96 | 36 | 63 | 4.7 a | 38 | 适中Mid | 7878 | 206 | 135 | 34 | 131 | 40 | 69 | 114 | 43 | 62 | 3.3 b | 19 | 高产High | 9339 | 239 | 160 | 33 | 118 | 48 | 59 | 122 | 52 | 57 | 2.7 c | 4 | 平均Mean | 8340 | 229 | 143 | 38 | 119 | 43 | 64 | 110 | 46 | 58 | 3.3 | 18 |
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