基于LCA的呼伦贝尔生态草牧业技术集成示范效益评估

刘欣超,王路路,吴汝群,辛晓平,孙海莲,姜明红,李晓爽,王淼,刘云,邵长亮

LCA-Based Assessment of Hulunber Ecological Grassland Technology Integration Demonstration

LIU XinChao,WANG LuLu,WU RuQun,XIN XiaoPing,SUN HaiLian,JIANG MingHong,LI XiaoShuang,WANG Miao,LIU Yun,SHAO ChangLiang

表3 不同养殖模式下每头成年母牛产生的经济效益及生产1 t FPCM的环境成本

Table 3 Economic benefits per cow and environmental costs per 1 ton FPCM

SY JY 均值 Mean 最大值 Max 最小值 Min 经济效益（万元） Economic performance (10000 CNY) 毛收益Gross revenue 0.89 1.27 0.81 2.11 总投入Inputs 0.47 0.49 0.44 1.70 净收益Net profit 0.42 0.80 -0.34 0.41 草场占用面积（公顷） Grassland occupation (hm2) 牧户打草场Clipping pasture 0.83 2.73 0.00 0.00 牧户开垦饲料地Fodder farmland 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.00 买入干草所需草场Clipping pasture for purchased hay 2.42 7.86 0.29 1.19 草地占用合计Total grassland occupation 3.25 8.90 0.89 1.19 耕地占用（公顷） Arable land occupation (hm2) 买入本市饲草料所需耕地Arable land occupation in same city 0.02 0.06 0.00 0.08 买入市外饲草料所需耕地Arable land occupation in other city 0.02 0.04 0.00 0.07 耕地占用合计Total arable land occupation 0.04 0.10 0.01 0.15 用水情况 Water consumption (t) 买入本市饲草料灌溉水量Irrigation water consumption in same city 19.84 72.85 0.00 72.27 买入市外饲草料灌溉水量Irrigation water consumption in other city 45.15 85.16 0.00 138.62 牧户开垦草场灌溉水量Irrigation water consumption in farm 1.31 9.20 0.00 0.00 牧场牲畜需水量Water consumption for livestock 4.40 6.28 2.10 5.58 用水量合计Total water consumption 70.70 160.12 20.79 216.47 化石能源消耗Fossil energy consumption（MJ） 892.80 1675.85 305.41 1944.19 温室气体排放 Greenhouse gas emission (t CO2eq) 牲畜肠道甲烷排放Ruminant Methane Emission 0.45 0.62 0.20 0.52 牲畜粪便甲烷排放Methane emissions from manure 0.02 0.05 0.00 0.02 牧场燃料消耗Fuel burning emission 0.06 0.11 0.02 0.12 化肥排放Emissions from fertilizer applied 0.01 0.04 0.00 0.06 饲草料运输排放Emissions from transport 0.01 0.02 0.00 0.01 总量Total emissions 0.55 0.78 0.31 0.73