超高压和高温短时杀菌对NFC苹果汁贮藏期品质的影响
邓红,雷佳蕾,杨天歌,刘旻昊,孟永宏,郭玉蓉,薛佳

Effect of Ultra-High Pressure and High Temperature Short-Time Sterilization on the Quality of NFC Apple Juice During Storage
Hong DENG,JiaLei LEI,TianGe YANG,MinHao LIU,YongHong MENG,YuRong GUO,Jia XUE
表4 UHP与HTST杀菌的NFC苹果汁贮藏期香气成分的变化
Table 4 Changes of aroma content in NFC apple juice after HTST or UHP treatment during storage period at 4℃
不同处理
Different treatment
不同贮藏时间(周)的质量浓度(mg/100 mL)
Mass concentration of aroma at different storage time (week)
1 2 3 4
酯类Ester
乙酸乙酯
Ethyl acetate
Control 0.36
UHP 0.08 0.08 0.20 0.09
HTST 0 0.05 0.04 0.04
乙酸丙酯
Propyl acetate
Control 0.28
UHP 0.45 0.43 0.31 0.37
HTST 0.13 0.14 0.16 0.14
丁酸乙酯
Ethyl butyrate
Control 0.28
UHP 0.62 0.65 0.63 0.69
HTST 0.10 0.16 0.2 0.21
丙酸丙酯
Propyl propionate
Control 0.13
UHP 0.17 0.17 0.18 0.20
HTST 0 0 0 0.08
乙酸丁酯
Butyl acetate
Control 3.68
HHP 4.22 4.11 3.56 4.00
TP 2.59 3.38 2.50 2.66
2-甲基丁酸乙酯
Ethyl 2-methylbutyrate
Control 0.15
UHP 0.28 0.30 0.30 0.33
HTST 0.03 0.05 0.03 0.04
甲酸异戊酯
Isoamyl formate
Control 7.42
UHP 8.43 7.71 6.49 6.37
HTST 4.73 6.68 4.62 4.67
丁酸丙酯
Propyl butyrate
Control 0.83
UHP 1.44 1.51 1.43 1.74
HTST 0.47 0.74 0.50 0.50
丙酸丁酯
Butyl propionate
Control 0.43
UHP 0.35 0.35 0.33 0.35
HTST 0.16 0.24 0.16 0.17
乙酸戊酯
Amyl acetate
Control 0.56
UHP 0.89 0.72 0.60 0.48
HTST 0.39 0.61 0.39 0.39
己酸甲酯
Methyl caproate
Control 0.04
UHP 0.04 0.03 0.02 0
HTST 0 0.01 0.01 0.01
2-甲基丁酸丙酯
Propyl 2-methylbutyrate
Control 0.62
UHP 0.79 0.87 4.59 0.92
HTST 0.12 0.19 0.13 0.13
不同处理
Different treatment
不同贮藏时间(周)的质量浓度(mg/100 mL)
Mass concentration of aroma at different storage time (week)
1 2 3 4
2-戊醇丙酸酯
Pentylester; sec-amyl propionate
Control 0.16
UHP 0.15 0.14 0 0
HTST 0 0 0 0
丁酸丁酯
Butyl butyrate
Control 1.14
UHP 1.47 1.54 1.42 1.53
HTST 0.51 0.73 0.49 0.49
己酸乙酯
Ethyl hexanoate
Control 0.49
UHP 0.51 0.39 0.45 0.27
HTST 0 0.14 0.17 0.15
2-甲基丁酸丁酯
Butyl 2-methylbutyrate
Control 0.87
UHP 1.04 0.99 1.01 1.07
HTST 0.10 0.18 0.11 0.10
苯甲酸甲酯
Methyl benzoate
Control 0.26
UHP 0.04 0 0 0
HTST 0 0 0 0
己酸丙酯
Caproic acid propyl
ester grade I
Control 0.19
UHP 0.51 0.41 0.36 0.33
HTST 0.08 0.11 0.07 0.06
丙酸己酯
Hexyl propionate
Control 0.12
UHP 0.16 0.08 0.06 0
HTST 0.04 0.06 0.03 0
2-甲基丁酸-2-甲基丁酯
2-Methylbutyl -2-methylbutyrate
Control 0.01
UHP 0.14 0.13 0.13 0.16
HTST 0.01 0.01 0.2 0
2-甲酸丁酸戊酯
2-Methanoic acid
amyl butyrate
Control 0.04
UHP 0.06 0.05 0.05 0.04
HTST 0 0 0 0
2-甲基丙酸己酯
Hexyl 2-methylpropionate
Control 0.06
UHP 0.05 0.26 0.05 0
HTST 0 0.34 0 0
丁酸己酯
Hexyl butyrate
Control 0.94
UHP 1.04 0.53 0.23 0
HTST 0.31 0.37 0.21 0.18
2-甲基丁酸己酯
Hexyl 2-methyl butyrate
Control 1.61
UHP 1.69 1.33 1.33 0
HTST 0.28 0.34 0 0.19
葵酸甲酯
Methyl decanoate
Control 0.11
UHP 0.04 0 0 0
HTST 0 0 0 0
不同处理
Different treatment
不同贮藏时间(周)的质量浓度(mg/100 mL)
Mass concentration of aroma at different storage time (week)
1 2 3 4
己酸己酯
Hexyl hexanoate
Control 0.15
UHP 0.14 0.06 0.07 0.04
HTST 0.09 0.09 0.07 0.07
十二烷酸甲酯
Methyl laurate
Control 0.28
UHP 0 0.04 0 0
HTST 0 0 0 0
癸酸癸酯
n-Capricacidn-decylester
Control 1.31
UHP 0 0 0 0
HTST 0 0 0 0
肉豆蔻酸甲酯
Methyl myristate
Control 0.68
UHP 0.05 0.02 0.03 0
HTST 0 0.08 0 0
二十烷酸甲酯
Methyl eicosanoate
Control 0.28
UHP 0 0 0 0
HTST 0 0 0 0
(Z)-9-十六碳烯酸甲酯
Methyl-(z)-9-hexadecenoate
Control 0.79
UHP 0 0 0 0
HTST 0.13 0.08 0.02 0
(Z)-9-十八碳烯酸甲酯
Methyl-(z):9-Octadecenoic acid,
Control 0
UHP 0.25 0.12 0.03 0
HTST 0 0 0 0
(Z)-十六烷-11-烯酸乙酯
(Z)-Hexadecane-11-ethyl oleate
Control 1.26
UHP 0.65 0.28 0.05 0.04
HTST 0.32 0.14 0.03 0.03
十六烷酸甲酯
Methyl-hexadecanoate
Control 0.24
UHP 0.08 0.04 0 0
HTST 0.04 0.03 0 0
(Z,Z)-9-十六碳烯酸-9-十六烯己酯
(Z,Z)-9-Hexadecanoic acid-9-hexadecanohexyl este
Control 0
UHP 0.06 0 0 0
HTST 0 0 0 0
戊酸乙酯
Ethyl valerate
Control 0
UHP 0..03 0.02 0 0
HTST 0 0 0 0
2-甲基丙酸丁酯
2-Methyl butyl propionate
Control 0
UHP 0.02 0.02 0 0
HTST 0 0 0 0
乙酸庚酯
Hepty lacetat
Control 0
UHP 0.02 0 0 0
HTST 0 0 0 0
不同处理
Different treatment
不同贮藏时间(周)的质量浓度(mg/100 mL)
Mass concentration of aroma at different storage time (week)
1 2 3 4
二十二酸壬酯
Nonyl Do decanoate
Control 0
UHP 0 0 0 0
HTST 0.02 0 0 0
3-甲基-1-丁醇丙酸酯
3-Methyl-1-butanol propionate
Control 0
UHP 0 0 0 0.16
HTST 0.05 0 0.06 0
2,6,10,14-四甲基-十五烷酸甲酯
2,6,10,14-Tetramethyl-pentadecanoic acid methyl ester
Control 0
UHP 0 0 0 0
HTST 0.12 0 0 0
丁酸甲酯
Methyl butyrate
Control 0
UHP 0 0.03 0 0.03
HTST 0 0.01 0.01 0.01
2-甲基丁酸甲酯
Methyl 2-methyl butyrate
Control 0
UHP 0 0.03 0.03 0.03
HTST 0 0 0 0
正丁酯
n-Butyl ester
Control 0
UHP 0 0.05 0 0.05
HTST 0 0 0 0
醇类Alcohols
乙醇
Ethanol
Control 0.06
UHP 0.02 0.02 0.04 0.02
HTST 0.02 0 0 0
1-丁醇
1-Butanol
Control 0.44
UHP 0.69 0.71 0.71 0.89
HTST 0.57 0.56 0.64 0.63
2-甲基-1-丁醇
2-Methyl-1-butanol
Control 0.66
UHP 0.91 0.99 0.96 1.23
HTST 0.71 0.75 0.74 0.74
(E)-2-己烯-1-醇
(E) -2-hexene-1-ol
Control 0.28
UHP 0 0 0.22 1.18
HTST 0 0 0.08 0
1-己醇
1-Hexanol
Control 3.94
UHP 13.08 3.99 4.88 4.75
HTST 1.47 1.68 1.76 1.44
2-乙基-1-己醇
2-Ethyl-1-hexanol
Control 0.28
UHP 0 0 0.10 0
HTST 0 0 0 0
(S)-2-戊醇
(S) -2-Pentanol
Control 0
UHP 0.03 0.04 0.04 0.05
HTST 0 0.02 0.02 0.02
不同处理
Different treatment
不同贮藏时间(周)的质量浓度(mg/100 mL)
Mass concentration of aroma at different storage time (week)
1 2 3 4
(S)-2-庚醇
(S) -2-Heptanol
Control 0
UHP 0.07 0.07 0.06 0.10
HTST 0.04 0.06 0.04 0.04
2-甲基-1,3-戊二醇
2-Methyl-1,3-pentanediol
Control 0
UHP 0 0 0.04 0
HTST 0.02 0.02 0 0.02
1-戊醇
1-Pentanol
Control 0
UHP 0 0.03 0.12 0.05
HTST 0.03 0.03 0.05 0.04
1-丙醇
1-Propanol
Control 0
UHP 0 0.04 0 0
HTST 0 0 0 0
1-辛醇
1-Octanol
Control 0
UHP 0 0 0.02 0
HTST 0 0 0 0
2-甲基-1-丙醇
2-Methyl-1-propanol
Control 0
UHP 0 0 0 0.03
HTST 0 0 0 0
二环丙基甲醇
Dicyclopropyl methanol
Control 0
UHP 0 0 0 0.05
HTST 0 0 0 0
醛类Aldehyde
乙醛
Acetaldehyde
Control 0.05
UHP 0 0.02 0.02 0.02
HTST 0 0 0 0
戊醛
Pentanal
Control 0.08
UHP 0 0 0.04 0
HTST 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02
己醛
Hexanal
Control 6.71
UHP 9.32 8.00 5.57 7.04
HTST 3.36 3.98 1.53 2.97
(E)-2-己烯醛
(E) -2-Hexenal
Control 3.52
UHP 4.79 4.62 2.38 3.59
HTST 1.05 1.50 0.21 0.69
(E)-2-辛烯醛
(E) -2-Octene aldehyde
Control 0.17
UHP 0.04 0.05 0.07 0.05
HTST 0 0 0 0
壬醛
Nonyl aldehyde
Control 0.40
UHP 0.06 0.03 0.15 0.03
HTST 0.09 0 0.06 0.06
不同处理
Different treatment
不同贮藏时间(周)的质量浓度(mg/100 mL)
Mass concentration of aroma at different storage time (week)
1 2 3 4
癸醛
Decyl aldehyde
Control 1.31
UHP 0.22 0.08 0.11 0
HTST 0.09 0.06 0.02 0.02
丁醛
Butyraldehyde
Control 0
UHP 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02
HTST 0.01 0.01 0 0.01
庚醛
Heptanal
Control 0
UHP 0.02 0 0.05 0
HTST 0 0.02 0.03 0.04
酮类Ketones
丙酮
Acetone
Control 0.06
UHP 0 0.02 0.06 0
HTST 0 0 0 0
2-辛酮
2-Octanone
Control 0.07
UHP 0.06 0.06 0.09 0.09
HTST 0.06 0.06 0.06 0.06
6-甲基-5-庚烯-2-酮
6-Methyl-5-heptene-2-one
Control 0.11
UHP 0.05 0.06 0.08 0.13
HTST 0.04 0.05 0.03 0.04
顺式-5-甲基-2-(1-甲基乙基)-
环己酮
Cis-5-methyl-2-(1-methylethyl)-
cyclohexanone
Control 0.07
UHP 0 0 0 0
HTST 0 0 0 0
(Z)-6,10-二甲基-5,
9-十一碳二烯-2-酮
(Z)-6,10-Dimethyl-5,9-
undecadien-2-one
Control 0.05
UHP 0 0 0.02 0
HTST 0 0 0 0
2-庚酮
2-Heptanone
Control 0.05
UHP 0 0 0.03 0
HTST 0 0 0 0
2-(1,5-二甲基-己基)-环丁酮
2-hexyl-1,5-dimethyl-
Cyclobutanone
Control 0.05
UHP 0 0 0.02 0
HTST 0 0 0 0
萜烯类Terpene
D-柠檬烯
d-Limonene
Control 0.58
UHP 0 0 0.11 0.07
HTST 0 0 0.06 0
长叶烯
d-Longifolene
Control 0.08
UHP 0 0 0 0
HTST 0 0 0 0
不同处理
Different treatment
不同贮藏时间(周)的质量浓度(mg/100 mL)
Mass concentration of aroma at different storage time (week)
1 2 3 4
反式-α-香柠檬烯
Trans-alpha-citrine
Control 0.05
UHP 0 0.04 0.04 0
HTST 0.04 0.04 0.03 0
α-法尼烯
αFarnesene
Control 1.70
UHP 1.73 1.42 1.34 1.10
HTST 1.41 1.65 1.27 1.46
2,5,5-三甲基-1,6-庚二烯2,5,5-Trimethyl-1,6-heptadien Control 0
UHP 0 0 0 0
HTST 0.04 0.05 0.04 0.04
酸类Acid
正癸酸
n-Decanoic acid
Control 0.07
UHP 0 0 0 0
HTST 0 0 0 0
醚类Ethers
草蒿脑
Estragole
Control 0.11
UHP 0.07 0.06 0.05 0.05
HTST 0.02 0.03 0.01 0.01
茴香脑
Anethole
Control 0.24
UHP 0 0 0.03 0
HTST 0 0 0 0
反式芳樟醇氧化物(呋喃型)
Trans linalool oxide (furan type)
Control 0
UHP 0 0 0 0.03
HTST 0.02 0 0 0