维生素K<sub>1</sub>生理功能及其在农产品中的检测方法

维生素K₁生理功能及其在农产品中的检测方法

徐月清,汪丹丹,赵新楠,喻理,王秀嫔,张良晓,张奇,张文,李培武

Advances in Research on Physiological Functions of Vitamin K₁and Its Detection Methods in Agricultural Products

YueQing XU,DanDan WANG,XinNan ZHAO,Li YU,XiuPin WANG,LiangXiao ZHANG,Qi ZHANG,Wen ZHANG,PeiWu LI

表1 农产品食品中维生素K₁的前处理和检测技术

Table 1 Pretreatment and detection techniques for vitamin K₁in agricultural products and food

前处理方法 Pretreatment method	检测技术 Detection Technology	样品 Sample	优点 Advantage	缺点 Disadvantage	参考文献 References
有机溶剂（丙酮、石油醚）提取,氧化铝柱净化 Extraction of organic solvents (acetone, petroleum ether), purification by alumina column	HPLC	小葱、小白菜等 Shallots, Chinese cabbage, etc.	特异性强,分离效果好,基线稳定。灵敏、精密度高,分析速度快 Strong specificity, good separation and stable baseline. High sensitivity and precision, fast analysis	前处理时间长且处理过程复杂 Long pre-processing time and complicated processing	[12]
固相萃取 Solid phase extraction	HPLC	豆油、黄豆等 Soybean oil, soybeans, etc.	SPE柱对样品的富集和净化效果好,操作简便 The SPE column has good enrichment and purification effect on the sample and is easy to operate.	回收率偏低,有机溶剂用量大 Low recovery rate and large amount of organic solvent	[72]
酶解法,皂化法 Enzymatic hydrolysis, saponification	HPLC	小米、大米、玉米、面粉、麦片 Millet, rice, corn, flour, cereal	分离效果好,基线稳定,精密度和准确度高 Good separation, stable baseline, high precision and accuracy	维生素K₁遇碱易分解,皂化处理容易破坏样品中的维生素K₁ Vitamin K₁ is easily decomposed by alkali, and saponification treatment easily destroys vitamin K₁ in the sample	[52]
超临界萃取精馏塔提取 Supercritical extraction distillation column extraction	HPLC	维生素K₁粗品 Vitamin K₁ crude	步骤简单,无溶剂残留 Simple steps, no solvent residue	仪器设备昂贵 Expensive equipment	[57]
三氯甲烷提取 Chloroform extraction	反相HPLC Reversed phase HPLC	刺儿菜 Stinger	操作简便,分析速度快 Easy to operate, fast analysis	使用大量溶剂,溶剂回收成本高,样品未经净化或净化不完全 The use of a large amount of solvent, solvent recovery cost is high, the sample is not purified or incomplete purification	[54]
丙醇﹕正己烷（3﹕2）提取,SPE柱净化 Propanol﹕n-hexane (3﹕2) extraction, SPE column purification	GC-MS	西兰花 Broccoli	提取效果好,检测速度快 Good extraction and fast detection	有机溶剂用量多,仪器昂贵 Large amount of organic solvent, expensive instrument	[73]
甲醇﹕水（2﹕8） Methanol﹕water (2﹕8)	紫外光诱导荧光检测 Ultraviolet light induced fluorescence detection	血清 Serum	前处理简单,有机试剂用量少 Simple pretreatment and low dosage of organic reagents	某些荧光持续时间短,因此实验速度要快 Some fluorescences have a short duration, so the experiment is faster	[13]
异丙醇和正己烷提取,中性氧化铝固相萃取柱净化 Isopropanol and n-hexane extraction, neutral alumina column solid phase extraction purification	HPLC-MS/MS	四季豆、茄子、草莓等31种水果蔬菜 31 kinds of fruits and vegetables such as green beans, eggplant and strawberries	HPLC-MS/MS具有更高的选择性和灵敏度,净化效果好,直接测定 HPLC-MS/MS has higher selectivity and sensitivity, and the purification effect is good	分析步骤繁琐,精密度不高,仪器设备昂贵 The analysis steps are cumbersome, the precision is not high, and the equipment is expensive	[50]
异丙醇和正己烷提取,中性氧化铝柱净化 Isopropanol and n-hexane extraction, neutral alumina column purification	HPLC-MS/MS	菠菜、莲藕、葡萄 Spinach, lotus root, grapes	基线稳定,灵敏、精密度高,分析速度快 Stable baseline, sensitive, high precision, fast analysis	前处理时间长且处理过程复杂 Long pre-processing time and complicated processing	[71]
正庚烷﹕乙酸乙酯（4﹕1）萃取,固相萃取柱净化 N-heptane﹕ethyl acetate (4﹕1) extraction, solid phase extraction column purification	LC-APCI-MS/MS	菠菜、豌豆、苹果、香蕉、甜菜根和蘑菇 Spinach, peas, apples, bananas, beetroots and mushrooms	提取和净化效果好,回收率高,重现性好 Good extraction and purification, high recovery rate and good reproducibility	固相萃取柱成本较高 Solid phase extraction cartridges cost more	[66]