Most previous studies have investigated country-of-origin effect for agricultural products from the economically developed country, but few have focused on the impact of country-of-origin on agricultural products from economically developing countries.  Using a national online survey in France, we determine French consumers’ perceptions and preferences for fresh fruit from China.  Results of ordered logit models show that fresh fruit from China was perceived as low quality and unsafe.  Respondents who care about country-of-origin were less likely to purchase fresh fruit from China, while those who care about brand were more likely to buy Chinese fresh fruit.  Risk perception and quality perception both had a significant impact on the purchase of Chinese fresh fruit.  Results of latent class models obtained with key consumer demographics show that heterogeneous preferences exist among different consumer groups.  The results provide critical information to both China and other economically developing countries in their efforts to improve market penetration in economically developed countries.