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1.

FgGyp8通过调节FgSnc1介导的分泌囊泡与质膜融合影响禾谷镰刀菌的生长发育和致病性

ZHANG Xing-zhi, CHEN Shuang, Yakubu Saddeeq ABUBAKAR, MAO Xu-zhao, MIAO Peng-fei, WANG Zong-hua, ZHOU Jie, ZHENG Hua-wei
Journal of Integrative Agriculture    2023, 22 (11): 3444-3457.   DOI: 10.1016/j.jia.2023.04.005
摘要400)      PDF    收藏

禾谷镰刀菌是一种重要的植物病原真菌,可引起小麦、大麦等多种禾谷类农作物致病及减产。模式真菌酿酒酵母中Gyp8蛋白能水解GTP激活态的Ypt1Rab1)然而,在植物病原真菌中Gyp8同源蛋白的功能仍然未知本研究从遗传学和病理学的角度对禾谷镰刀菌中Gyp8同源蛋白FgGyp8的功能进行研究。通过基因敲除和表型分析,我们发现FgGyp8是禾谷镰刀菌营养菌丝生长所必需。突变体ΔFggyp8分生孢子产量、大小隔膜数与野生型PH-1相比显著下降进一步发现FgGyp8禾谷镰刀菌小麦胚及麦穗的致病性起重要作用FgGyp8包含一个保守TBC(Tre2-Bub2-Cdc16)结构域结构域缺失结果表明,FgGyp8TBC结构域、C端和N末端对其生物学功能均有重要调控作用体外水解酶活性实验结果显示FgGyp8是FgRab1的GTP酶激活蛋白(GAP,GTPase-activating protein)。此外,FgGyp8对FgSnc1蛋白介导的分泌囊泡与质膜的融合过程是必需的。最后,我们发现FgGyp8禾谷镰刀菌FgRab1的另一个GAP FgGyp1存在功能冗余。综上所述,本研究表明FgGyp8作为FgRab1GAP禾谷镰刀菌营养菌丝生长分生孢子形态建成、致病性所必需的。

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2. 弱势农户更容易被互联网影响吗?互联网利用对农户IPM技术采纳影响的异质性分析
LI Kai, JIN Yu, ZHOU Jie-hong
Journal of Integrative Agriculture    2023, 22 (10): 3220-3233.   DOI: 10.1016/j.jia.2023.08.005
摘要156)      PDF    收藏

互联网被认为能够给弱势农户的绿色生产转型带来更多技术红利,但这却与偏向性技术进步理论相悖。从理性忽略的视角,基于山东省1015份农户调查数据,利用内生转换probit模型分析了互联网对农户病虫害综合治理(IPM)技术采纳的影响及其原因。研究表明:(1)互联网虽有效促进了农户IPM采纳,但并未真正给弱势农户带来更多影响,较大的选择偏差导致弱势农户的技术红利被高估;(2)技术信息获取渠道差异导致农户对互联网信息的理性忽略程度存在差别,这是互联网影响异质性的重要原因;(3)对强关系网络信息渠道的过度依赖使弱势农户容易陷入信息茧房,对互联网信息产生理性忽略,因而难以被互联网信息所影响。要更好地发挥互联网对弱势农户IPM采纳甚至绿色生产转型的促进作用,不仅需要推动互联网农业技术信息服务的适老化,还应激励善于利用互联网的农户积极分享外部信息,引导弱势农户走出信息茧房。

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3. Identifying SNPs associated with birth weight and days to 100 kg traits in Yorkshire pigs based on genotyping-by-sequencing
WU Ping-xian, ZHOU Jie, WANG Kai, CHEN De-juan, YANG Xi-di, LIU Yi-hui, JIANG An-an, SHEN Lin-yuan, JIN Long, XIAO Wei-hang, JIANG Yan-zhi, LI Ming-zhou, ZHU Li, ZENG Yang-shuang, XU Xu, QIU Xiao-tian, LI Xue-wei, TANG Guo-qing
Journal of Integrative Agriculture    2021, 20 (9): 2483-2490.   DOI: 10.1016/S2095-3119(20)63474-8
摘要130)      PDF    收藏

旨在基于简化基因组测序(Genotyping-by-sequencing,GBS)技术进一步挖掘与大白猪初生重(Birth weight,BW)和达百公斤日龄(Days to 100 kg,D100)性状相关的分子遗传标记,并挖掘同时影响两个性状的多效基因。简化基因组测序数据相较于SNP芯片分型数据能够获得更多的SNP位点信息,能够有效的提高全基因组关联分析的检测力。本研究采集600头大白猪的耳组织样品,提取基因组DNA,并利用GBS测序技术进行测序,测序共获得487.34Gb Clean data,测序结果经质量控制和基因型填充后,利用全基因组关联分析(Genome-wide association study,GWAS)鉴定影响大白猪BW和D100的SNP位点和候选基因,采用GEMMA软件对大白猪BW和D100性状进行全基因组关联分析。结果显示,通过GATK软件初步检测共获得10 445 924个SNPs,经过严格的质量控制后共获得279 787个高质量的SNPs位点,并利用Beagle 5.1软件对该基因型数据进行基因型填充。基于填充后的GBS数据采用全基因组关联分析,在基因组显著水平上鉴定到30个SNPs(P<1.79E-07)与D100相关;在建议显著水平上鉴定到22和2个SNPs(P<3.57E-06)分别与D100和BW相关。通过全基因组关联分析筛选到一个显著的SNPs(SSC12: 46,226,512 bp)同时影响BW和D100,暗示了基因在不同性状间具有的一因多效性。本文依据候选基因的相关分子生物学功能,最终确定了2个基因(NSRP1DOCK7)作为影响猪生长性状的最有希望的候选基因。本研究结果为猪BW和D100性状提供了重要的遗传变异位点和候选基因,可以为猪生长性状基因组选择提供重要遗传信息。



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4. Genome-wide scan for selection signatures based on whole-genome re-sequencing in Landrace and Yorkshire pigs
WANG Kai, WU Ping-xian, CHEN De-juan, ZHOU Jie, YANG Xi-di, JIANG An-an, MA Ji-deng, TANG Qian-zi, XIAO Wei-hang, JIANG Yan-zhi, ZHU Li, QIU Xiao-tian, LI Ming-zhou, LI Xue-wei, TANG Guo-qing
Journal of Integrative Agriculture    2021, 20 (7): 1898-1906.   DOI: 10.1016/S2095-3119(20)63488-8
摘要161)      PDF    收藏

长白猪和大白猪是重要的商品猪品种。在长期的育种过程中,由于两种猪的育种目标不同,经过强烈的人工选择,长白猪和大白猪在猪基因组上有不同的选择信号,这些选择信号反映了它们特定的表型特征。因此本研究旨在通过全基因组选择信号扫描检测长白猪和大白猪之间的选择痕迹差异,从而为长白猪和大白猪的育种历史提供基础数据支持。在本研究中我们使用了Z转换的FST(Z(FST))和Z转换的杂合度(ZHp)两种方法对长白猪和大白猪进行全基因组扫描。在扫描过程中我们使用滑动窗口(40-kb窗口和20-kb步长)来检验FST值和杂合度,然后对FST值和杂合度进行Z转换,当滑动窗口的Z(FST)>5或ZHp<-2.8时,我们将该窗口确定为显著窗口,然后基于该窗口的基因组范围搜索候选基因。我们使用Z(FST)的方法找到了17个显著窗口,基于这些窗口找到15个注释元件,其中包括13个基因,比如UGP2基因, RAB3C基因和TLL1基因;我们使用ZHp的方法鉴别了363个显著窗口,基于这些窗口找到208个注释元件,其中包括140个基因,比如PPP3CA基因,PTPN13基因和MAPK10基因。功能分析和相关研究结果表明,大部分候选基因与基础代谢、抗病、细胞过程和生化信号有关,有几个与机体形态和器官有关。研究结果表明由于长期的人工选择,长白猪和大白猪在猪基因组上有明显不同的选择足迹。本研究基于全基因组重测序数据对长白猪和大白猪进行全基因组选择信号扫描,与其他研究相比,我们鉴别出了两个品种特定的差异基因组区域和候选基因,这些结果可以帮助研究者更好的了解人工选择对长白猪和大白猪的选择作用以及为这两个品种的现代育种提供新的方向。


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5.  
ZHANG Li-mei, CHEN Shu-ting, QI Min, CAO Xue-qi, LIANG Nan, LI Qian, TANG Wei, LU Guo-dong, ZHOU Jie, YU Wen-ying, WANG Zong-hua, ZHENG Hua-kun
Journal of Integrative Agriculture    2021, 20 (11): 2944-2956.   DOI: 10.1016/S2095-3119(20)63493-1
摘要103)      PDF    收藏
 

细胞自噬通过维持细胞内物质与能量的动态平衡,进而调控很多发育过程。已知延伸复合物蛋白Elp3具有多种功能并参与调控自噬,但其在稻瘟病菌中的功能仍不清楚。为此,构建了稻瘟病菌Elp3编码基因PoELP3(MGG_05481)的敲除突变体,对其功能进行研究。表型分析结果显示,PoELP3基因的敲除导致稻瘟病菌菌丝生长受抑制,产孢量下降,对细胞壁胁迫剂和盐胁迫剂的敏感性增强,附着胞膨压和致病性显著下降。这些结果表明稻瘟病菌PoElp3在生长发育、胁迫响应和致病过程中均具有重要作用。亚细胞定位结果表明GFP-PoElp3融合蛋白定位于细胞核和细胞质中。为检测稻瘟病菌Elp3在细胞自噬中的作用,将自噬标记GFP-PoAtg8分别导入野生型和突变体中,并通过计算总蛋白中游离GFP占GFP-PoAtg8和游离GFP总量的比例,评估野生型和突变体中自噬的水平。结果表明,无论是在营养充分还是营养不足的条件下,△Poelp3突变体均呈现较高的自噬水平。这可能是导致菌丝生长缓慢的原因。此外,△Poelp3突变体营养菌丝和侵染菌丝的生长均对雷帕霉素更加敏感,但是PoELP3基因的缺失并不影响雷帕霉素对TOR-信号途径下游基因的转录抑制,暗示其并不参与TOR-信号的传导。综上所述,稻瘟病菌Elp3可以通过调控自噬影响无性发育和致病性。但是PoElp3调控自噬的机制仍有待进一步研究。


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6. Food safety inspection and the adoption of traceability in aquatic wholesale markets: A game-theoretic model and empirical evidence
JIN Cang-yu, Retsef LEVI, LIANG Qiao, Nicholas RENEGAR, ZHOU Jie-hong
Journal of Integrative Agriculture    2021, 20 (10): 2807-2819.   DOI: 10.1016/S2095-3119(21)63624-9
摘要166)      PDF    收藏

供应链可追溯性的构建能够对食品安全问题进行溯源,因此对于降低食品安全风险来说非常重要。此外,它能够帮助监管者了解食品安全风险发生的供应链环节,并能够对上游农业企业的经济性动机掺假行为产生威慑。本文聚焦于中国水产品供应链,试图通过构建批发市场经营户、养殖户和政府三方的博弈模型和使用大规模的水产品批发市场实地调研数据,分析经营户可追溯采纳行为。该实地调研数据涵盖了浙江和湖南两省所有存在水产品交易的批发市场,具体来说,包含76家批发市场和763个经营户的信息。理论和实证研究的结果表明,批发市场经营户之间采用可追溯性与食品安全抽检强度、经营户个人的被抽检经历和风险意识密切相关;此外,在私营市场中,抽检强度对经营户的产品可追溯性采纳的影响要强于国家/集体所有权的市场。本文提供了关于中国水产品可追溯性发展的情况,更为重要的是,发现了可能影响批发市场经营户的产品可追溯性的因素,以期为相关政府部门促进水产品供应链的可追溯性提供建议


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7. Vegetable production under COVID-19 pandemic in China: An analysis based on the data of 526 households
ZHOU Jie-hong, HAN Fei, LI Kai, WANG Yu
Journal of Integrative Agriculture    2020, 19 (12): 2854-2865.   DOI: 10.1016/S2095-3119(20)63366-4
摘要84)      PDF    收藏
The COVID-19 pandemic had an enormous impact on the vegetable supply chain in China.  Effective evaluation of the pandemic’s influences on vegetable production is vital for policy settings to enhance the security of vegetable supply.  Based on first-hand data from 526 households, we explored regional differences in different types of loss and potential factors affecting the severity farmer households suffered during the pandemic.  The results underline that sales contraction and price volatility in the context of interruption of supply chain dominate the total losses during the pandemic.  Such losses differ across provinces and are more substantial in provinces with stricter confinement measures.  Farmer households’ participation in local market and modern marketing methods helps mitigate the negative effects of the COVID-19 shock, while labor hiring and facilities adoption in production widen the losses due to the shortage in the workforce.  In the future, the vegetable industry practitioners and relevant government departments should work together to coordinate the development of short and long supply chains and strengthen the stability and security of the vegetable supply chain.
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8.
Are social embeddedness associated with food risk perception under media coverage?
YAN Zhen, HUANG Zu-hui, WANG Yu, ZHOU Jie-hong
Journal of Integrative Agriculture    2019, 18 (8): 1804-1809.   DOI: 10.1016/S2095-3119(19)62586-4
摘要151)      PDF    收藏
Traceability system has received wide attention in solving food safety issues, via which food information could be tracked back to producer/farmers.  Consumers need to obtain this information from producers or social networks, trust in the information,  and consequently assess perceived risks, especially when food scandals are exposed to the media.  In this study, we introduce the social embeddedness theory to understand how consumers’ social activities affect their risk perceptions on traceable food.  Specifically, we investigate how risk perceptions are predicted by the interpersonal relationships, organizational level and social-level relationships.  Results show that the interpersonal relationships were associated with lower levels of risk perceptions, while organizational and social relationships impacted consumer’s risk perceptions at middle and higher levels, respectively.  Results also show that the “ripple effect” extended to effect of risk events with negative information, however, did not exist for the group exposed to positive information.  Potential food safety implications have been proposed to identify for effective risk mitigation under media coverages.
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9. Estimating the average treatment effect of adopting stress tolerant variety on rice yield in China
ZHOU Jie-hong, TANG Li-qun, Xiaohua Yu
Journal of Integrative Agriculture    2018, 17 (04): 940-948.   DOI: 10.1016/S2095-3119(17)61848-3
摘要613)      PDF(pc) (824KB)(450)    收藏
Climate extremes, characterized by droughts and floods, have become one of the major constraints to sustainable improvement of rice productivity.  Variety choice, considered as one of the main adaptation measures, could help farmers reduce yield loss resulting from these extremes.  Based on a three-year panel survey of 1 080 Chinese rice farms in major rice producing provinces, we assume Hicksian neutral technology and employ an IV regression to estimate the average treatment effect (ATE) on rice yield for adopting stress tolerant variety, and find that farmers who adopted the stress tolerant variety on average increased rice yield by 15.5% in comparison to the non-adopters.
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10. Magnaporthe Rab5 homologs show distinct functions in nerve growth factor (NGF)-mediated neurite outgrowth and cell differentiation
QI Yao-yao, LIANG Zhi-min, ZHOU Jie, WANG Zong-hua, LU Guo-dong, LI Guang-pu
Journal of Integrative Agriculture    2015, 14 (5): 823-829.   DOI: 10.1016/S2095-3119(14)60972-2
摘要1969)      PDF    收藏
Nerve growth factor (NGF) binds to TrkA and forms a NGF/TrkA complex at the cell surface, which is then internalized into signaling endosomes and promotes neuronal survival and neurite outgrowth. The small GTPase Rab5 is reported to localize on the plasma membrane and early endosomes, regulating endosome fusion. It was reported that endogenous Rab5 function may need to be suppressed during NGF-induced neurite outgrowth and cell differentiation. Two Rab5 homologs (MoRab5A: MGG_06241 and MoRab5B:MGG_01185) were characterized from the rice blast fungus Magnaporthe oryzae, and MoRab5B was identified as the Rab5 ortholog promoting early endosomal fusion, while MoRab5A specialized to perform a non-redundant function in endosomal sorting. In this study, we examined whether MoRab5A and MoRab5B play different roles in NGF-induced neurite outgrowth and cell differentiation in PC12 cells (a rat pheochromocytoma cell line). Our data showed that MoRab5B is a negative regulator of NGF signaling and neurite outgrowth in PC12 cells, similar to human Rab5 (hRab5). MoRab5B:WT inhibits NGF signaling-dependent neurite outgrowth while the dominant-negative MoRab5B mutant (MoRab5B:DN) enhances NGF signaling and neurite outgrowth. In contrast, MoRab5A:WT and MoRab5A:DN both significantly promote NGF-induced neurite outgrowth, indicating that MoRab5B is more similar to hRab5 than MoRab5A in the regulation of NGF signal transduction.
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11. Food safety controls in different governance structures in China’s vegetable and fruit industry
ZHOU Jie-hong, LI Kai, LIANG Qiao
Journal of Integrative Agriculture    2015, 14 (11): 2189-2202.   DOI: 10.1016/S2095-3119(15)61115-7
摘要1629)      PDF    收藏
Food safety issues constitute an international topic discussed by many scholars. Although there is an extensive body of literature on comparisons of food safety control practices across different governance structures, these studies have been conducted mainly in terms of qualitative and descriptive analysis. In addition, little attention has been given to family farms. This study addresses the food safety control practices adopted by firms with different governance structures in China. Food safety control is expressed by the following aspects, i.e., pollution-free, green, organic, and/or geographical indication products certification, establishment of production records, and pesticide residue testing. Three types of governance structures that engage in agricultural production are distinguished: farmer cooperatives, agricultural companies, and family farms. The food safety control practices of various governance structures are investigated based on a database that comprises 600 vegetable and fruit enterprises in Zhejiang, China. The results show that (1) pesticide residue testing is adopted by the most firms, followed by products certification, and production records are adopted by the fewest firms, and (2) agricultural companies adopt more food safety control practices than family farms, while farmer cooperatives adopt the fewest food safety control practices. Governance structure features of a cooperative in terms of ownership, decision-making, and income distribution are the main reasons for the low level of food safety control in the cooperative.
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12. Identification of Behavior of Voluntary Traceability and Analysis of Its Determinants: A Case Study of Hog Slaughtering and Processing Firms in Zhejiang Province, China
ZHOU Jie-hong, YAN Zhen , LIU Qing-yu
Journal of Integrative Agriculture    2013, 12 (6): 1112-1121.   DOI: 10.1016/S2095-3119(13)60330-5
摘要1377)      PDF    收藏
In recent years, the Chinese government has highlighted the importance of adopting hog safety/quality traceability, and a growing amount of research continues to entice firms to adopt traceability systems. In this study, a survey was conducted on a sample of pig slaughtering and processing firms in Zhejiang, China through personal interviews and emails. The aim of this study was to examine the determinants of firm behavior on the implementation of voluntary traceability systems with more stringent standards and controls than those of the mandatory system in China. The results revealed that motivation based on product quality improvement, capital ability and role perception (business type) had significantly positive relationships with a firm’s voluntary traceability. Other incentives, such as operation improvement, recall risk reduction, reduced occurrence of safety issues, and technical strength were not found to be supportive in our study. This study provides an opportunity to better understand the determinants of firm behavior on voluntary traceability, particularly in light of the fact that some Chinese firms are facing the threat of criminal action for the use of illegal additives and the abuse of Clenbuterol. Policy recommendations on encouraging the implementation of pork safety voluntary traceability by hog slaughtering and processing firms are also discussed.
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