非洲猪瘟在我国爆发，给我国养殖业带来巨大的经济损失，目前无可用的商业化疫苗和药物，其相关研究限定于在高等级生物安全实验室中完成，生物安全防护中消毒剂的合理使用尤为重要。MICRO-CHEM PLUS（MCP）作为一种复合型季铵盐类消毒剂在高等级生物安全实验室广泛使用，而针对非洲猪瘟病毒（African swine fever Virus，ASFV）的灭活效果未见相关报道。本文我们探究不同病毒载量、不同消毒剂浓度、不同作用时间及不同作用温度对于灭活非洲猪瘟病毒效果的影响。研究结果表明高病毒载量需要更高浓度的MCP才能将ASFV完全灭活，较低浓度的MCP需要延长作用时间才能达到完全灭活ASFV的效果，不同的作用温度对于MCP灭活ASFV的效果无影响。应用干雾消毒机将5%MCP进行房间喷雾消毒，当浓度达到0.06L/m3，用ASFV、大肠杆菌和金色葡萄球菌作为生物指示剂，可以达到终末消毒效果，但对于枯草芽孢杆菌作为生物指示剂还有部分活菌残留；当浓度为0.03L/m3时，对于大肠杆菌或金黄色葡萄球菌作为生物指示剂，也可以达到了终末消毒效果。该研究为在特定环境中合理使用 MCP 提供了科学依据，可以用于操作ASFV的高等级生物安全实验室的消毒以及猪场非洲猪瘟感染的预防。

本研究以表达eGFP重组非洲猪瘟病毒为指示病毒，通过体外细胞培养方法，模拟浸泡和喷雾方式，在室温条件下，观察消毒剂不同浓度、不同时间作用后是否产生可见荧光信号为标准，来判定病毒是否完全被消毒剂灭活。结果显示，模拟浸泡消毒方式，在室温条件下，碘酸混合溶液0.5%浓度，作用10分钟能完全灭活非洲猪瘟病毒；过硫酸氢钾复合粉0.25%浓度作用30分钟能完全灭活非洲猪瘟病毒；枸橼酸粉0.25%浓度作用30分钟能完全灭活非洲猪瘟病毒；二氯异氰脲酸钠粉0.125%浓度作用60分钟能完全灭活非洲猪瘟病毒；戊二醛癸甲溴铵溶液0.2%浓度作用60分钟能完全灭活非洲猪瘟病毒；癸甲溴铵溶液0.5%浓度作用60分钟能完全灭活非洲猪瘟病毒。模拟喷雾消毒方式，在室温条件下，碘酸混合溶液0.5%浓度，作用10分钟能完全灭活非洲猪瘟病毒；过硫酸氢钾复合粉0.25%浓度作用60分钟能完全灭活非洲猪瘟病毒；枸橼酸粉0.5%浓度作用30分钟能完全灭活非洲猪瘟病毒；二氯异氰脲酸钠粉0.25%浓度作用60分钟能完全灭活非洲猪瘟病毒；戊二醛癸甲溴铵溶液0.2%浓度作用60分钟能完全灭活非洲猪瘟病毒；癸甲溴铵溶液0.5%浓度作用60分钟能完全灭活非洲猪瘟病毒。这些结果表明，常用市售6种消毒剂，在实验室条件下，不同浓度和作用时间均能有效灭活非洲猪瘟病毒，本实验建立了一种应用表达eGFP重组非洲猪瘟病毒为指示病毒，快速准确评价消毒剂灭活非洲猪瘟病毒效果的方法，为非洲猪瘟的生物安全防控提供有力理论依据和技术支持。

Soil aggregate stability and organic carbon (OC) are regarded as effective indicators of soil structure and quality. A longterm field experiment was established in 2006 to examine the influence of tillage systems on soil aggregation and OC in a sandy loam soil in the Huang-Huai-Hai Plain of China. The study involved eight treatments: plowing every year with (TS) and without residue (T), plowing every 2 years with (2TS) and without residue (2T), plowing every 4 years with (4TS) and without residue (4T), and no plowing with (NTS) and without residue (NT). In 2013, soil samples were collected at depths of 0–5, 5–10 and 10–20 cm, and separated into three aggregate-size classes: macroaggregates (>250 μm), microaggregates (53–250 μm) and the silt+clay fraction (<53 μm) using wet sieving method. Soil parameters measured were water-stable aggregates, geometric mean diameter (GMD), mean weight diameter (MWD) and OC concentrations in different aggregate- size fractions and in bulk soil. The tillage treatments significantly (P<0.05) influenced soil aggregate stability and OC distribution. Higher MWD and GMD were observed in 2TS, 4TS and NTS as compared to T. With increasing soil depth, the amount of macroaggregates and MWD and GMD values were increased, while the proportions of microaggregates and the silt+clay fraction were declined. The OC concentrations in different aggregate fractions at all soil depths followed the order of macroaggregates>microaggregates>silt+clay fraction. In the 0–5 cm soil layer, concentrations of macroaggregateassociated OC in 2TS, 4TS and NTS were 14, 56 and 83% higher than for T, whereas T had the greatest concentration of OC associated with the silt+clay fraction in the 10–20 cm layer. Soil OC concentrations under 4TS and NTS were significantly higher (P<0.05) than that of T in the 0–10 cm layer. Residue retention promoted formation of macroaggregates, increased macroaggregate-associated OC concentrations and thus increased total soil OC stock. The macroaggregate-associated OC was positively correlated (R2=0.96) with soil OC concentration, while the silt+clay fraction-associated OC was negatively correlated (R2=0.82) with soil OC concentration. The concentration of soil OC was positively correlated with MWD (R2=0.94) and GMD (R2=0.92). We concluded that increasing tillage intensity led to a loss of carbon (C)-rich macroaggregates and an increase of C-depleted silt+clay fraction. The conservation tillage system, especially NTS and 4TS, increased soil aggregate stability and promoted OC accumulation in macroaggregates, provided the potential to improve soil C sequestration and soil structure in the Huang-Huai-Hai Plain of China.