提高小麦籽粒锌含量对缓解人类膳食中锌缺乏有重要作用。本研究在华北平原连续两年小麦生长季，评价了叶面喷施锌肥和土壤施用氮肥对小麦籽粒粉样中氮、锌累积、分配、氮素转运及其相互关系。结果表明，小麦籽粒中氮、锌主要累积在籽粒胚乳中心层，其含量由外到内呈逐渐减小趋势。土壤施氮显著提高了籽粒各粉样中氮含量，而叶面喷锌显著增加了种皮中氮含量；两种措施均能显著增加胚乳中心层中锌含量。叶面喷锌对籽粒中氮、锌分配的影响不显著，而施氮则能促进氮素向糊粉层、锌素向胚乳中心层的转运，提高植株地上部氮素向籽粒转运的数量，但对贡献率无影响。相关分析表明，籽粒及其粉样中氮含量与开花期和成熟期营养器官中氮含量显著正相关，而种皮和胚乳过渡层中氮含量与胚乳中心层中锌含量亦呈显著的正相关。因此，叶面喷锌和土壤施氮可有效地提高小麦产量和籽粒氮、锌含量，尤其是提高胚乳中的氮、锌含量，可作为解决锌缺乏的有效途径。

    The experiments were conducted for three consecutive years across 14 locations using 9 non-waxy proso millet genotypes and 16 locations using 7 waxy proso millet genotypes in China. The objectives of this study were to analyze yield stability and adaptability of proso millets and to evaluate the discrimination and representativeness of locations by analysis of variance (ANOVA) and genotype and genotype by environment interaction (GGE) biplot methods. Grain yields of proso millet genotypes were significantly influenced by environment (E), genotype (G) and their interaction (G×E) (P<0.1%). G×E interaction effect was six times higher than G effect in non-waxy group and seven times in waxy group. N04-339 in non-waxy and Neimi 6 (NM6) in waxy showed higher grain yields and stability compared with other genotypes. Also, Neimi 9 (NM9, a non-waxy cultivar) and 90322-2-33 (a waxy cultivar) showed higher adaptability in 7 and in 11 locations, respectively. For non-waxy, Dalat, Inner Mongolia (E2) and Wuzhai, Shanxi (E5) were the best sites among all the locations for maximizing the variance among candidate cultivars, and Yanchi, Ningxia (E10) had the best representativeness. Wuzhai, Shanxi (e9) and Yanchi, Ningxia (e14) were the best representative locations, and Baicheng, Jilin (e2) was better discriminating location than others for waxy genotypes. Based on our results, E10 and e14 have enhanced efficiency and accuracy for non-waxy genotypes and waxy genotypes selection, respectively in national regional test of proso millet varieties.