壮苗的形成对提高作物产量具有重要意义。为探索玉米自交系壮苗的形成基础，本试验研究了在玉米自交系幼苗形成过程中，影响种子贮藏物质转化和分配的因素。将3种玉米自交系作为试验材料，探究种子在幼苗建成过程中，种子大小、种子活力、光照时长、温度、沙床含水量和沙床盐浓度等因素对种子贮藏物质转化和分配的影响。研究结果表明，小粒种子的物质利用率比大粒种子高3.69-17.71% 。适当延长光照时间有利于形成壮苗。低温、干旱和盐胁迫等因素在一定程度上降低了种子贮藏物质利用率，提高了根苗比。以上研究结果可用于指导玉米自交系材料苗期的田间管理，对于改良玉米种质，提高种子贮藏物质利用率，形成壮苗有着重要意义。

To explore the relation of maize grain texture and phenotypic traits with grain thin-layer drying rate, we observed the ultra- structure of maize grain, and tested three traits about the maize grain texture and four phenotypic traits. The vitreous part percentage was different (P<0.05) among different maize inbred lines. There was a significant relationship between the drying rate with grain texture and phenotypic traits. Main factors that influenced the drying rate were different during different drying stages. New results observed that empirical constants (k and N) in drying equation were different for seed of the 30 inbred lines of maize. The k of simplified diffusion equation and N of page equation were significantly influenced by both grain texture and phenotypic traits. These results could be used as guideline parameters for drying maize seeds having different grain characteristics during different drying stages.