【目的】脂肪酸结合蛋白（Fatty acid-binding protein）在细胞内以脂肪酸载体蛋白广泛参与脂肪酸的吸收、转运和代谢。它是昆虫脂质代谢中的关键蛋白，在昆虫的多种生理活动中发挥重要作用。研究黄野螟（Heortia vitessoides Moore）脂肪酸结合蛋白的时空表达特性及其在蜕皮发育中的生物学功能，为基于RNAi的黄野螟害虫防治技术提供理论基础。【方法】在黄野螟成虫转录组数据库中通过搜索关键词及在线比对获得黄野螟脂肪酸结合蛋白（HvFABP）的全序列，并对其进行生物信息学分析。以黄野螟不同龄期、不同的幼虫组织和成虫组织部位为材料提取RNA并反转录为cDNA，采用实时荧光定量PCR研究其时空表达特性；选取发育阶段相同的黄野螟幼虫进行饥饿胁迫、20E处理和RNA干扰探讨其生物学功能。【结果】本研究成功鉴定出一条黄野螟脂肪酸结合蛋白基因。同源性比对和系统发育树分析显示，HvFABP编码的氨基酸序列与鳞翅目昆虫的脂肪酸结合蛋白具有很高的相似性，在系统发育树上与家蚕的BmFABP1关系最密切。不同龄期和不同组织的实时荧光定量PCR结果表明HvFABP在各个龄期和组织中均有表达，其中在预蛹期到成虫期表达量较高，并在幼虫中肠和成虫翅膀的表达量最高。饥饿胁迫24h、48h时HvFABP表达被抑制，而在72h黄野螟进入预蛹期时表达量显著上调。20-hydroxyecdysone（20E）处理24h和48h时HvFABP表达量均上调，表明20E可诱导HvFABP的表达。RNA干扰显著沉默了HvFABP，导致黄野螟发育延迟、蜕皮异常和出现致死表型，存活率显著下降。【结论】这些结果表明HvFABP在黄野螟的蜕皮过程中起关键作用，该基因被沉默后黄野螟无法完成蜕皮而导致死亡。【创新性】昆虫脂肪酸结合蛋白基因功能多种多样，在基因功能的探索上远不如哺乳动物。本研究首次对黄野螟脂肪酸结合蛋白基因进行时空表达分析和基因功能研究，丰富昆虫脂肪酸结合蛋白基因功能的探索，为黄野螟生物防治靶标基因的合理选择提供理论基础。

Based on climate data from 254 meteorological stations, this study estimated the effects of climate change on rice planting boundaries and potential yields in the southern China during 1951-2010. The results indicated a significant northward shift and westward expansion of northern boundaries for rice planting in the southern China. Compared with the period of 1951-1980, the average temperature during rice growing season in the period of 1981-2010 increased by 0.4°C, and the northern planting boundaries for single rice cropping system (SRCS), early triple cropping rice system (ETCRS), medium triple cropping rice system (MTCRS), and late triple cropping rice system (LTCRS) moved northward by 10, 30, 52 and 66 km, respectively. In addition, compared with the period of 1951-1980, the suitable planting area for SRCS was reduced by 11% during the period of 1981-2010. However, the suitable planting areas for other rice cropping systems increased, with the increasing amplitude of 3, 8, and 10% for ETCRS, MTCRS and LTCRS, respectively. In general, the light and temperature potential productivity of rice decreased by 2.5%. Without considering the change of rice cultivars, the northern planting boundaries for different rice cropping systems showed a northward shift tendency. Climate change resulted in decrease of per unit area yield for SRCS and the annual average yields of ETCRS and LTCRS. Nevertheless, the overall rice production in the entire research area showed a decreasing trend even with the increasing trend of annual average yield for MTCRS.

The spatiotemporal characteristics of hydrothermal resources in southern rice production area of China have changed under the background of climate change, and this change would affect the effectiveness of hydrothermal resources during local rice growing period. According to the cropping system subdivision in southern rice production area of China during 1980s, this study used climate data from 254 meteorological stations and phonological data from 168 agricultural observation stations in the south of China, and adopted 6 international evaluation indices about the effectiveness of hydrothermal resources to analyze the temporal and spatial characteristics of hydrothermal resources during the growing period of single cropping rice system and double cropping rice system for 16 planting zones in the whole study area. The results showed that: in southern rice production area of China, the effectiveness of thermal resources of single cropping rice area (SCRA) was less than that of double cropping rice area (DCRA), whereas the effectiveness of thermal resources of both SARA and DCRA showed a decreasing trend. The index value of effective precipitation satisfaction of SCRA was higher than that of DCRA, nevertheless the index value of effective precipitation satisfaction of both SCRA and DCRA showed a decreasing trend. There was a significant linear relationship between effective thermal resource and water demand, likely water demand increased by 18 mm with every 100°C d increase of effective heat. Effective precipitation satisfaction index (EPSI) showed a negative correlation with effective heat, yet showed a positive correlation with effective precipitation. EPSI reduced by 1% when effective heat resource increased by 125°C d. This study could provide insights for policy makers, land managers or farmers to improve water and heat resource uses and rationally arrange rice production activities under global climate change condition.