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1. JIA-2021-1999 棉花品种选育弱化了菌根共生体
WANG Xin-xin, ZHANG Min, SHENG Jian-dong, FENG Gu, Thomas W. KUYPER
Journal of Integrative Agriculture    2023, 22 (3): 701-715.   DOI: 10.1016/j.jia.2022.08.004
摘要276)      PDF    收藏

棉花Gossypium hirsutum L.)是一种重要的纤维经济作物,以往于棉花获取磷(P)相关的根系性状(包括菌根根系性状)的研究较少。我们采用1950年至2013年在中国西北地区使用8个棉花品种在3种磷供应水平下分别为050300 mg KH2PO4 kg-1研究了接种或者不接种丛枝菌根真菌Funneliformis mosseae棉花的生长和11根系性状特征结果表明:与老品种相比,新品种的根系直径更细,地上部吸收的磷更少,苗期生物量更低这表明育种过程选择了更细的根系,菌根真菌定殖的皮层空间更少因而增加了对供磷强度的更高需求。在两个低磷水平下,菌根植物比非菌根植物吸收更多的磷,产生更多的生物量P0时,3.2 mg对0.9 mg1.8 g对0.9 g;P50时,14.5 mg对1.7 mg4.7 g对1.6 g)。在最高磷水平下,菌根植物比非菌根植物获得更多的磷(18.8 mg13.4 mg ),但生物量没有差异(6.2 g对6.3 g)。在中等P50水平下,根直径与菌根植物地上部生物量、磷浓度和磷含量呈显著正相关。我们的结果支持了植物获取磷的外包模式(借助菌根途径)在根经济学空间框架中的重要性。在过去的几十年里,育种使得棉花的根系更细菌根途径获益更低,这导致了在中等磷供应并有菌根侵染条件下,老品种的生物量显著大于新品种的生物量。未来棉花品种选育策略要考虑到在根系自身吸收磷的能力发挥菌根吸磷能力之间的权衡(即根系性状与菌根性状的权衡),以便选育出中等投入条件下实现高产的品种

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2. Food safety regulatory systems in Europe and China: A study of how co-regulation can improve regulatory effectiveness
Kevin Chen, WANG Xin-xin, SONG Hai-ying
Journal of Integrative Agriculture    2015, 14 (11): 2203-2217.   DOI: 10.1016/S2095-3119(15)61113-3
摘要2325)      PDF    收藏
Food safety has received a great deal of attention in both developed and developing countries in recent years. In China, the numerous food scandals and scares that have struck over the past decade have spurred significant food safety regulatory reform, which has been increasingly oriented towards the public-private partnership model adopted by the Europe Union’s (EU) food safety regulatory system. This paper analyzes the development of both the EU’s and China’s food safety regulatory systems, identifies the current challenges for China and additionally considers the role of public-private partnership. The success of co-regulation in the food regulatory system would bring significant benefits and opportunities for China. Finally, this paper recommends additional measures like training and grants to improve the private’s sector effectiveness in co-regulating China’s food safety issues.
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