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1. Beneficial rhizobacterium provides positive plant–soil feedback effects to Ageratina adenophora
SUN Yuan-yuan, ZHANG Qiu-xin, ZHAO Yun-peng, DIAO Yue-hui, GUI Fu-rong, YANG Guo-qing
Journal of Integrative Agriculture    2021, 20 (5): 1327-1335.   DOI: 10.1016/S2095-3119(20)63234-8
摘要123)      PDF    收藏

根际微生物群落在促进或抑制外来物种的建立中起重要作用。入侵植物与土壤微生物群落(如根际细菌)的相互作用,会导致土壤微生物群落发生变化,因而影响外来植物与本地植物之间的竞争关系。紫茎泽兰是我国一种危害严重的外来入侵杂草。已有研究证实,紫茎泽兰入侵后会影响根际土壤微生物群落结构,并形成对它自身生长的正反馈效应,但这其中的内在机制还有待深入探究。前期调查发现,紫茎泽兰重度入侵地区的根际土壤中一种有益菌蜡样芽孢杆菌的含量明显高于轻度入侵地区的。因此,本研究从促进植物根际有益微生物增长及其反馈效应的角度,拟揭示紫茎泽兰入侵扩张的根际有益菌作用机制。研究比较了紫茎泽兰不同入侵程度土壤中蜡样芽孢杆菌的含量,检测了紫茎泽兰根系分泌物对蜡样芽孢杆菌生长和土壤特性的影响,还对比分析了蜡样芽孢杆菌处理对紫茎泽兰生长的反馈作用。结果表明:蜡样芽孢杆菌的含量随紫茎泽兰入侵程度的加深而明显增加,入侵土壤中的菌含量几乎达到了非入侵土壤的两倍。紫茎泽兰根系分泌物处理其根际土壤后,蜡样芽孢杆菌的含量在1天后随时间延长明显增加,最高达近两倍,且土壤营养成分含量也发生了明显变化,如铵态氮和有效磷含量相比于对照分别增加了41%和27%。土壤中添加蜡样芽孢杆菌不同程度地促进紫茎泽兰根际两种主要化感物质泽兰二酮和羟基泽兰酮的降解,其中泽兰二酮的浓度在处理后的48、72、96 h分别比灭菌土壤中的浓度低338%,356%和723%;并且在该处理的土壤中,紫茎泽兰的发芽率显著提高了50%,根长增加了117%,苗长增加了48%,鲜重增加了81%,而本地其他植物的生长变化不大。这些结果说明蜡样芽孢杆菌对紫茎泽兰生长具有偏利作用,同时可促进化感物质的降解以削弱紫茎泽兰的自毒作用,为根际聚集有益菌介导的外来植物入侵扩张的理论提供了科学依据。


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2. Reduction of arsenic bioavailability by amending seven inorganic materials in arsenic contaminated soil
SUN Yuan-yuan, LIU Rong-le, ZENG Xi-bai, LIN Qi-mei, BAI Ling-yu, LI Lian-fang, SU Shi-ming, WANG Ya-nan
Journal of Integrative Agriculture    2015, 14 (7): 1414-1422.   DOI: 10.1016/S2095-3119(14)60894-7
摘要1842)      PDF    收藏
Seven inorganic amendment materials were added into arsenic (As) contaminated soil at a rate of 0.5% (w/w); the materials used were sepiolite, red mud, iron grit, phosphogypsum, ferrihydrite, iron phosphate, and layered double oxides (LDO). Plant growth trials using rape (edible rape, Brassia campestris L.) as a bio-indicator are commonly used to assess As bioavailability in soils. In this study, B. campestris was grown in a contaminated soil for 50 days. All of the inorganic amendments significantly inhibited the uptake of As by B. campestris. Following soil treatment with the seven aforementioned inorganic ammendments, the As concentrations in the edible parts of B. campestris were reduced by 28.6, 10.5, 8.7, 31.0, 47.4, 25.3, and 28.8%, respectively, as compared with the plants grown in control soil. The most effective amendment was ferrihydrite, which reduced As concentration in B. campestris from 1.84 to 0.97 mg kg–1, compared to control. Furthermore, ferrihydrite-treated soils had a remarkable decrease in both non-specifically sorbed As and available-As by 67 and 20%, respectively, comparing to control. Phosphogypsum was the most cost-effective amendment and it showed excellent performance in reducing the water soluble As in soils by 31% and inhibiting As uptake in B. campestris by 21% comparing to control. Additionally, obvious differences in As transfer rates were observed in the various amendments. The seven amendment materials used in this study all showed potential reduction of As bioavailability and influence on plant growth and other biological processes still need to be further explored in the long term.
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3. Rapid Recovery of Classical Swine Fever Virus Directly from Cloned cDNA
HUANG Jun-hua, LI Yong-feng, HE Fan, LI Dan, SUN Yuan, HAN Wen , QIU Hua-ji
Journal of Integrative Agriculture    2013, 12 (5): 877-883.   DOI: 10.1016/S2095-3119(13)60258-0
摘要1675)      PDF    收藏
The reverse genetics for classical swine fever virus (CSFV) is currently based on the transfection of in vitro transcribed RNA from a viral genomic cDNA clone, which is inefficient and time-consuming. This study was aimed to develop an improved method for rapid recovery of CSFV directly from cloned cDNA. Full-length genomic cDNA from the CSFV Shimen strain, which was flanked by a T7 promoter, the hepatitis delta virus ribozyme and T7 terminator sequences, was cloned into the lowcopy vector pOK12, producing pOKShimen-RzT . Direct transfection of pOKShimen-RzT into PK/T7 cells, a PK-15- derived cell line stably expressing bacteriophage T7 RNA polymerase, allowed CSFV to be rescued rapidly and efficiently, i.e., at least 12 h faster and 31.6-fold greater viral titer when compared with the in vitro transcription-based rescue system. Furthermore, the progeny virus rescued from PK/T7 cells was indistinguishable, both in vitro and in vivo, from its parent virus and the virus rescued from classical reverse genetics. The reverse genetics based on intracellular transcription is efficient, convenient and cost-effective. The PK/T7 cell line can be used to rescue CSFV directly from cloned cDNA and it can also be used as an intracellular transcription and expression system for studying the structure and function of viral genes.
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4. Generation and Immunogenicity of a Recombinant Adenovirus Co-Expressing the E2 Protein of Classical Swine Fever Virus and the GP5 Protein of Porcine Reproduction and Respiratory Syndrome Virus 
LI Hong-yu, SUN Yuan, ZHANG Xing-juan, CHANG Tian-ming, WANG Xiang-peng, HE Fan, HUANG Junhua , QIU Hua-ji
Journal of Integrative Agriculture    2011, 10 (11): 1781-1791.   DOI: 10.1016/S1671-2927(11)60178-8
摘要1911)      PDF    收藏
Classical swine fever (CSF) and porcine reproduction and respiratory syndrome (PRRS) are both economically important, highly contagious diseases of swine worldwide. To develop an effective vaccine to control these two diseases, we constructed a recombinant adenovirus rAdV-GP52AE2, using a replication-defective human adenovirus serotype 5 as a delivery vector, to co-express the GP5 protein of highly pathogenic porcine reproduction and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) and the E2 protein of classical swine fever virus (CSFV). Foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) 2A peptide was used as a linker between the GP5 and E2 proteins to allow automatic self-cleavage of the polyprotein. The GP5 and E2 genes were expressed as demonstrated by immunofluorescence assay and Western blotting. Immunization of mice resulted in a CSFV-neutralizing antibody titer of 1:128 and a PRRSV-neutralizing antibody titer of 1:16. The lymphoproliferative responses were detected by Cell Counting Kit-8 assay and the stimulation index of CFSV-specific and PRRSV-specific lymphocytes in the rAdV-GP52AE2 group was significantly higher than that in the negative control group. The results show that rAdV-GP52AE2 can induce both effective humoral and cell-mediated immune responses in mice. The protective efficacy of the recombinant virus against CSF was evaluated in immunized rabbits, which were protected from fever induced by challenge with C-strain. Our study provides supporting evidence for the use of FMDV 2A to develop a bivalent genetically-engineered vaccine.
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