厘清大豆种质籽粒中的类胡萝卜素组分和含量对大豆种质营养品质评价具有重要意义。本研究针对遗传多样性丰富的中国大豆种质的类胡萝卜素和叶绿素含量进行了系统分析，并揭示了不同营养品质组分间的相关性。结果显示基因型、种植年份、种质类型、子叶色和生态区来源显著影响籽粒中类胡萝卜素和叶绿素含量，其平均类胡萝卜素总含量变化范围为8.15-14.72 µg g^-1。大豆农家种的类胡萝卜素含量是栽培种的1.2倍，特别是绿子叶种质的类胡萝卜素和叶绿素含量显著高于黄子叶种质。需要指出的是单一组分中叶黄素的含量是最高的，其变化范围为1.35-37.44 µg g^-1。类胡萝卜素和叶绿素含量与其他品质组分显著相关，这有利于育种者在强化类胡萝卜素含量同时而不影响其他品质组分。我们结果证明了大豆籽粒中的类胡萝卜素含量是丰富的，但其积累宜受遗传因素、种质类型和种质来源的显著影响。我们还鉴定了一批高类胡萝卜素含量的大豆新种质，可以为大豆育种、食品加工和化妆品行业利用。

Soybean cyst nematode (SCN) is one of the most devastating pathogen for soybean. Therefore, identification of resistant germplasm resources and resistant genes is needed to improve SCN resistance for soybean. Soybean varieties Huipizhiheidou and Wuzhaiheidou were distributed in China and exhibited broad spectrums of resistance to various SCN races. In this study, these two resistant varieties, combined with standard susceptible varieties (Lee and Essex), were utilized to identify the differentially expressed transcripts after infection with SCN race 4 between resistant and susceptible reactions by using the Affymetrix Soybean Genome GeneChip. Comparative analyses indicated that 21 common genes changed significantly in the resistant group, of which 16 increased and 5 decreased. However, 12 common genes changed significantly in the susceptible group, of which 9 increased and 3 decreased. Additionally, 27 genes were found in common between resistant and susceptible reactions. The 21 significantly changed genes in resistant reaction were associated with disease and defense, cell structure, transcription, metabolism, and signal transduction. The fold induction of 4 from the 21 genes was confirmed by quantitative RT-PCR (qRTPCR) analysis. Moreover, the gene ontology (GO) enrichment analyses demonstrated the serine family amino acid metabolic process and arginine metabolic process may play important roles in SCN resistance. This study provided a new insight on the genetic basis of soybean resistance to SCN race 4, and the identified resistant or resistant-related genes are potentially useful for SCN-resistance breeding in soybean.