玉米大斑病是世界玉米产区主要的真菌病害之一，引起该病害的真菌为玉米大斑病菌（Setosphaeria turcica），为异宗配合真菌，其无性态为玉米大斑凸脐孺孢（Exserohilum turcicum）。玉米大斑病菌分生孢子萌发后形成高度特化的侵染结构—黑化的附着胞。附着胞通过产生高膨压来穿透植物表皮，其中甘油是产生膨压的主要来源。本研究分析了附着胞侵染玉米叶片的位置，发现大多数萌发的分生孢子通过直接穿透表皮细胞进入叶片内部，无论是通过表皮细胞还是气孔侵染玉米叶片，附着胞都是侵染所必需的。为了进一步确定影响附着胞发育的关键因素，我们分析了黑色素抑制剂（三环唑，TCZ）、DNA复制抑制剂（羟基脲，HU）和自噬抑制剂（3-甲基腺嘌呤，3-MA）等对附着胞膨压和甘油含量的影响。结果表明，在对照和抑制剂处理下，附着胞膨压和甘油浓度在附着胞成熟阶段均达到最高水平，三种抑制剂在附着胞成熟阶段对附着胞膨压的影响最大，糖原和脂质体是产生甘油的主要物质。研究发现，在附着胞的发育过程中，抑制剂会影响糖原和脂质体在分生孢子、芽管和附着胞中的分布。黑色素、DNA复制和自噬通过调节甘油积累和代谢影响玉米大斑病菌附着胞的发育，该研究可为附着胞膨压和甘油含量之间的关系提供新的见解。

The genus Adelphocoris (Hemiptera: Miridae) is a group of key insect pests in cotton fields in China that includes three dominant species: A. suturalis (Jakovlev), A. lineolatus (Goeze) and A. fasciaticollis (Reuter). Previous field surveys have found that adults of these Adelphocoris species usually move onto specific host plants when the plants enter the flowering stage. To determine the potential trade-offs for this host-plant preference behavior, the performance of these three Adelphocoris spp. on flowering and non-flowering cotton and alfalfa were compared in the laboratory. The results showed that Adelphocoris spp. had significantly higher nymphal developmental and survival rates, along with increased adult longevity and fecundity on flowering cotton and alfalfa than on non-flowering plants of either species. In addition, compared with cotton plants, alfalfa generally promoted better performance of these three Adelphocoris species, especially for A. lineolatus. Simple correlation analysis indicated that female adult longevity was positively correlated to male adult longevity and female fecundity, and female fecundity was positively correlated to nymphal development and survival rates. This study demonstrated a positive correlation between adult preference and offspring/adult performance for all three Adelphocoris species, with no evidence of any trade-offs for this preference for flowering host plants. These findings support the hypothesis that hemimetabolous insects such as mirid bugs have positive adult preference-adult/nymphal performance relationships, which is likely due to the similar feeding habits and nutritional requirements of adults and nymphs.