本研究采用淮河流域典型农田生态系统（寿县）冬小麦和水稻生长季内的3年通量观测数据（2007、2008和2009年），旨在评估三种模型模拟农田日蒸散量的性能。第一种是两步模型（PM−K_c模型），另外两种是一步模型（Rana−Katerji（R-K）模型和advection-aridity（AA）模型）。结果表明，淮河流域冬小麦和水稻生长季内的涡度相关数据的能量闭合度是合理的，介于0.84~0.91，R2约为0.80。冬小麦日蒸散量呈现先缓慢下降后迅速上升的变化趋势，而水稻日蒸散量呈现先上升后下降的变化趋势。在PM-K_c模型中，采用校正作物系数（K_c）的模拟性能优于采用联合国粮农组织（FAO）推荐的K_c的模拟性能。R-K模型和AA模型中校准的关键参数具有较好的通用性。经过校准后，PM-K_c模型的模拟性能最佳，R-K和AA模型均低估了冬小麦和水稻的日蒸散量。与R-K模型相比，AA模型的模拟性能较好，尤其在水稻日蒸散量模拟中。总体而言，本研究揭示了PM-K_c模型在淮河流域以及全球其他类似气候地区估算水稻和小麦作物需水量时的稳定性。

The scarab beetle, Anomala corpulenta Motschulsky (Coleoptera: Scarabaeoidea), is a widespread and destructive pest in China. Vision is one of the most important means of acquiring information about the external environment. In order to contribute to the understanding of the perception of visual stimuli in this species, the light sensitivity and spectral responses of the scarab beetle, A. corpulenta, were measured by using an electroretinogram (ERG) technique. In total, 14 monochromatic light intensities, between 340 and 605 nm, were applied to the compound eyes of A. corpulenta under varying levels of adaptation to dark and light conditions. The results showed that all light stimuli induced an ERG response, with varied amplitudes. The spectral sensitivity curve of dark-adapted eyes showed one major peak (~400 nm; near-ultraviolet), a secondary peak (from 498 to 562 nm; yellow-green) and the third peakat 460 nm. By contrast, in light-adapted eyes, only a near-UV peak was observed. From these results, we conclude that the compound eye of A. corpulenta is likely to have at least three spectral types of photoreceptor. Significance of differences were also recorded in the responses of male and female compound eyes, as well as diurnally and nocturnally. The amplitude of ERG in response to white-light stimuli varied with the light intensity: The stronger the luminance, the higher the ERG value. This suggests that the compound eye of A. corpulenta adapts quickly to changing light conditions, enabling A. corpulenta to maintain nocturnal activities.