淀粉是谷物胚乳中最重要的成分，其合成受到多种转录因子的调控。然而，这些转录因子在谷物之间是否具有保守功能尚不清楚。本研究依据玉米(Zea mays L.)的同源基因，克隆了属于一个B3家族的转录因子，命名为TaABI19。DNA和蛋白质序列比对分析，发现ABI19在玉米和小麦中具有保守性。TaABI19在小麦幼穗和发育的籽粒中高表达，编码一个核定位的转录激活子。EMS诱变获得的taabi19-b1突变体表现为淀粉合成下调、粒长变短和千粒重降低。此外，我们还发现TaABI19能够结合到TaPBF亚基因组同源基因的启动子上并增强其表达。单倍型关联表明，TaABI19-B1与千粒重显著相关。TaABI19-B1-Hap2和-Hap3在中国小麦育种中被正向选择。在现代栽培品种中，TaABI19的优异单倍型比例不足50%，表明TaABI19仍可作为标记辅助选择育种的目标位点，提高我国小麦产量。

Stress associated proteins (SAPs) are the A20/AN1 zinc-finger proteins which confer to abiotic stresses in plants.  In this study, TaSAP7-B, including two AN1 domains, was isolated from B genome of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.).  Sequencing analysis on TaSAP7-B illustrated one InDel (insertion-deletion) and one SNP (single nucleotide polymorphism) in the promoter region while no diversity was observed in the coding region.  On the basis of SNP in the promoter region (–260 bp), a dCAPS (derived cleaved amplified polymorphic sequences) marker SNP-260 was developed for TaSAP7-B.  Using a natural population consisting of 262 wheat accessions, significant associations were detected between the marker SNP-260 and agronomic traits, such as plant height (PH), peduncle length (PL), length of penultimate internode (LPI), number of spike per plant (NSP), and 1 000-grain weight (TGW).  Two genotypes were identified using marker SNP-260 in the natural population.  Among them, the genotypes possessing C allele exhibited a higher TGW and shorter PH than the T genotypes.  Hence, base C was considered as the superior allele.  The dCAPS marker of TaSAP7-B can be instrumental for marker-assisted selection for high grain size and short plant height.  

Stress-associated protein (SAP) has functions in maintaining plant cell elongation, embryo development and response to abiotic stresses. TaSAP1-A1, one of the Triticum aestivum SAP1 (TaSAP1) members located on wheat chromosome 7A was isolated for polymorphism analysis. HapIII of TaSAP1-A1 was found significantly associated with thousand-grain weight (TGW) in multiple environments. In this study, HapIII also made a positive contribution to TGW in Population 2. The distribution of TaSAP1-A1 HapIII was tracked among varieties released in different years and geographical environments of China. The frequency of HapIII showed an increasing trend during the breeding process in two different populations. The HapIII was gradually selected and applied from 6.36% in landraces to 13.50% in modern varieties. These results exhibited that TaSAP1-A1 HapIII was positively selected during wheat breeding, which is beneficial for grain-yield improvement. The preferred HapIII was initially selected and applied in the higher latitude areas of China in accord with the long day season and longer grain filling stage in these areas. Moreover, the frequency of HapIII in recent modern varieties was still quite low (19.29-26.67%). It indicated a high application potential of TaSAP1-A1 HapIII for improving grain yield in wheat breeding.