过量施氮是华北冬小麦（Triticum aestivum L.）生产过程中氮素流失和利用效率低下的主要原因。滴灌水肥一体化被认为是提高氮素利用效率、减少氮素损失的有效方法，然而由于缺乏科学的施氮制度限制了当下水肥一体化滴灌施肥应用效果。通过设置2年田间试验，设计了5个随水施氮（46% N尿素，240 kg ha^-2）处理和1个缓释氮肥（43% N，240 kg ha^-1）处理，5个随水施氮制度分别是：N0-100（0%在播种期，100%在拔节期/孕穗期），N25-75（25%在播种期，75%在拔节期/孕穗期），N50-50（50%在播种期，50%在拔节期/孕穗期），N75-25（75%在播种期，25%在拔节期/孕穗期），N100-0（100%在播种期，0%在拔节期/孕穗期）和缓控肥（100%在播种期），研究了不同水肥一体化施氮制度对滴灌冬小麦生长发育和产量的影响。研究结果显示：氮肥基/追比改变显著影响了冬小麦产量、产量组成、地上生物量（ABM）、水分利用效率（WUE）和氮肥偏生产力（NPEP）。相比其它处理，N50-50和缓释氮肥处理效果最好，产量（8.84和8.85 t ha^-1），ABM（20.67和20.83 t ha^-1）、WUE（2.28和2.17 kg m^-3）和NPFP（36.82和36.88 kg kg^-1）。本研究结果表明，在华北地区冬小麦生产过程中运用滴灌水肥一体化施氮（最佳尿素基/追比为50:50）综合成本较低，相比等量施用较为昂贵的缓释肥也很有竞争力。虽然在冬小麦生产过程中单次施用缓释肥可以有效降低高额的人工成本，但是在如今人力成本不断攀升的情况下，使用滴灌水肥一体化施氮（尿素基/追肥比为50:50）为华北农民获得冬小麦增产、增收提供了一种新型灌溉施肥方式。

This study has investigated the suitable drip irrigation scheduling for tomato grown in solar greenhouse based on 20-cm pan evaporation (Epan) in North China Plain. Irrigation treatments included three irrigation frequencies (I1 10, I2 20 and I3 30 mm, and irrigation interval of 2-6 d for I1, 4-9 d for I2 and 8-12 d for I3) based on accumulated pan evaporation (Epan), and four plant-pan coefficients (Kcp1 0.5, Kcp2 0.7, Kcp3 0.9 and Kcp4 1.1). Results indicate that total irrigation amount, seasonal crop evapotranspiration (ET) and tomato yield (Y) were 185.1-365.8 mm, 249.1-388.0 mm and 99.6-151.8 t ha-1, respectively. Irrigation frequency and amount increased the yield, and second-degree polynomial relationship was found between Y and ET (R2=0.8671). Irrigation frequency did not increase mean fruit weight, diameter and length significantly but increased fruit number, total soluble solids content (TSS), TSS yield, fruit firmness and water use efficiency (WUE) and irrigation WUE (IWUE) significantly. Irrigation amount increased external quality of tomato but reduced TSS content, TSS yield, fruit firmness, WUE and IWUE significantly. Kcp3 and Kcp4 treatments had the highest fruit yield, but Kcp2 and Kcp3 treatments had the highest WUE. I1Kcp3 treatment (irrigation interval of 2-6 d, and Kcp=0.9) had higher IWUE, WUE, external quality, yield, and TSS yield, so it is recommended as the suitable irrigation scheduling for tomato grown in solar greenhouse in North China Plain.