Journal of Integrative Agriculture ›› 2014, Vol. 13 ›› Issue (2): 434-442.DOI: 10.1016/S2095-3119(13)60407-4

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Use of Human Excreta as Manure in Rural China

 LIU  Ying, HUANG  Ji-kun , Precious  Zikhali   

  1. 1.School of Economics and Management, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, P.R.China
    2.Center for Chinese Agricultural Policy, Institute of Geographical Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences,
    Beijing 100101, P.R.China
    3.International Water Management Institute, Southern Africa Regio nal Office, Pretoria 0127, South Africa
  • 收稿日期:2012-12-02 出版日期:2014-02-01 发布日期:2014-02-06
  • 通讯作者: HUANG Ji-kun, Tel: +86-10-64889440, Fax: +86-10-64856533, E-mail: jkhuang. ccap@igsnrr.ac.cn
  • 作者简介:LIU Ying, Tel: +86-10-82339123, E-mail: Liuying@buaa.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:

    This research is supported by the National Natural Sciences Foundation of China (71103013, 70925001); the IGSNRR- CAS (Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 2012ZD2008); the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities, China (YWF-12-JRJC-001).

Use of Human Excreta as Manure in Rural China

 LIU  Ying, HUANG  Ji-kun , Precious  Zikhali   

  1. 1.School of Economics and Management, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, P.R.China
    2.Center for Chinese Agricultural Policy, Institute of Geographical Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences,
    Beijing 100101, P.R.China
    3.International Water Management Institute, Southern Africa Regio nal Office, Pretoria 0127, South Africa
  • Received:2012-12-02 Online:2014-02-01 Published:2014-02-06
  • Contact: HUANG Ji-kun, Tel: +86-10-64889440, Fax: +86-10-64856533, E-mail: jkhuang.ccap@igsnrr.ac.cn
  • About author:LIU Ying, Tel: +86-10-82339123, E-mail: Liuying@buaa.edu.cn
  • Supported by:

    This research is supported by the National Natural Sciences Foundation of China (71103013, 70925001); the IGSNRR- CAS (Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 2012ZD2008); the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities, China (YWF-12-JRJC-001).

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摘要： Empirical research has shown that the use of manure significantly improves crop yield, soil fertility and water and moisture conservation. Despite these documented benefits, however, there is a concern on the downward trend of manure use in agriculture in China. This paper examines factors contributing to this downward trend, with a particular focus on human excreta used in agriculture. Empirical analysis based on data from stratified random sampling of rural households in five provinces of China shows that about 85% of human excreta was still used as manure in agriculture in 2007 which was less than a decade ago when nearly all human excreta was used as manure. Econometric results suggest that income growth, rising population density and improvement in rural transportation significantly contribute to declining use of human excreta as manure in agriculture. These results imply that the current downward trend will continue given China’s rising economic growth, urbanization and rural infrastructural improvement.

关键词: manure , human excreta , recycling , China

Abstract: Empirical research has shown that the use of manure significantly improves crop yield, soil fertility and water and moisture conservation. Despite these documented benefits, however, there is a concern on the downward trend of manure use in agriculture in China. This paper examines factors contributing to this downward trend, with a particular focus on human excreta used in agriculture. Empirical analysis based on data from stratified random sampling of rural households in five provinces of China shows that about 85% of human excreta was still used as manure in agriculture in 2007 which was less than a decade ago when nearly all human excreta was used as manure. Econometric results suggest that income growth, rising population density and improvement in rural transportation significantly contribute to declining use of human excreta as manure in agriculture. These results imply that the current downward trend will continue given China’s rising economic growth, urbanization and rural infrastructural improvement.

Key words: manure , human excreta , recycling , China