Journal of Integrative Agriculture ›› 2026, Vol. 25 ›› Issue (6): 2545-2555.DOI: 10.1016/j.jia.2025.11.005

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绿肥植物源碳稳定过程受碳分解基因介导的影响

  

  • 收稿日期:2025-04-22 修回日期:2025-11-07 接受日期:2025-10-27 出版日期:2026-06-20 发布日期:2026-05-06

Stabilization of plant-derived carbon from different green manure species mediated by carbon-decomposition genes

Tingyu Li1*, Wei Feng2*, Tianshu Wang1, Yili Meng1#, Shuihong Yao1#, Xinhua Peng1   

  1. 1 State Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization of Arable Land in China, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China

    2 Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Hebei Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Shijiazhuang 050051, China

  • Received:2025-04-22 Revised:2025-11-07 Accepted:2025-10-27 Online:2026-06-20 Published:2026-05-06
  • About author:#Correspondence Yili Meng, Mobile: +86-13550098888, E-mail: mengyili@caas.cn; Shuihong Yao, Mobile: +86-13720057115, E-mail: yaoshuihong@caas.cn * These authors contributed equally to this study.
  • Supported by:

    The work was partly funded by the National Key Research and Development Program of China (2021YFD1700204-02), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (42077099), the Earmarked Fund of the China Agriculture Research System (CARS-04), and the Agricultural Science and Technology Innovation Program of Chinese Academy Agricultural Sciences (ASTIP-G2024–01–06).

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摘要：

将绿肥作物（GM）引入传统种植系统因其以环境可持续方式提高土壤有机碳（SOC）的潜力而受到关注。然而，不同绿肥品种的碳（C）输入对土壤有机碳积累和土壤剖面难降解碳组分的影响仍缺乏系统认识。本研究基于华北平原的三年定位试验，比较了休耕、黑麦、油菜和毛叶苕子处理下SOC含量及其活性有机碳（EOC）和难降解有机碳（ROC）组分的变化，结合δ¹³C技术解析绿肥来源碳组分，并分析了微生物碳分解功能基因的变化。结果表明，绿肥显著提高了SOC含量。其中，油菜是唯一能够提升20-40 cm土层SOC的品种，其绿肥来源碳占SOC的2.48%。黑麦显著提升了表层的EOC和ROC；油菜增加了20-60 cm土层的ROC；毛叶苕子则提高了40-60 cm土层的EOC。表土中纤维素和果胶分解基因丰度在毛叶苕子处理中增加，而在黑麦处理中下降；在20-40 cm土层中，油菜显著增加了果胶和木质素分解基因的丰度；而在40-60 cm土层中，毛叶苕子显著提高了几丁质分解基因的丰度，表明毛叶苕子和油菜深根对微生物的促进作用。本研究表明，不同绿肥品种通过微生物介导的碳分解活动影响SOC的分布，决定了SOC累积深度和难降解性。

Abstract:

The integration of green manure (GM) crops into traditional cropping systems has regained attention for its potential to improve soil organic carbon (SOC) content in an environmentally sustainable way. However, the effects of carbon (C) input from different GM species on the SOC accumulation and recalcitrant C fractions across soil profile remain inadequately understood. This three-year North China Plain study assessed SOC changes and C fractions of easily oxidizable organic carbon (EOC) and recalcitrant organic carbon (ROC) in fallow, rye, rapeseed, and vetch systems, with δ13C analysis for GM-derived C fraction and microbial C-decomposition functional genes. Our results show that SOC was significantly increased by GMs. Rapeseed was the only species that improved SOC at 20-40 cm, the rapeseed-derived C contributed 2.48% of the SOC. Rye enhanced EOC and ROC at topsoil, rapeseed increased ROC at 20-60 cm, and vetch increased EOC at 40-60 cm. At the topsoil, the abundances of cellulose- and pectin-decomposition gene were increased in vetch and decreased in rye. At 20-40 cm, the pectin- and lignin-decomposition genes were markedly improved by rapeseed, while at 40-60 cm, the chitin-decomposition gene was increased in vetch, indicating the microbial promoting effects by deep roots of vetch and rapeseed. Our results suggest GM species influence SOC deposition depth and the recalcitrance of SOC decomposition, thereby affecting the distribution of SOC accumulation through microbial-driven C decomposition activities.

Key words: green manure , SOC storage ,  C recalcitrance ,  C functional genes