洞庭湖洪泛平原表层土壤有机碳正在流失—基于十年的野外观测数据

doi:10.1016/j.jia.2025.02.007

Journal of Integrative Agriculture ›› 2026, Vol. 25 ›› Issue (2): 436-447.DOI: 10.1016/j.jia.2025.02.007

洞庭湖洪泛平原表层土壤有机碳正在流失—基于十年的野外观测数据

收稿日期:2024-09-24 修回日期:2025-02-10 接受日期:2024-12-04 出版日期:2026-02-20 发布日期:2026-01-06

Surface soil organic carbon losses in Dongting Lake floodplain as evidenced by field observations from 2013 to 2022

Liyan Wang^{1, 2, 3}, Buqing Wang⁴, Zhengmiao Deng^{1, 2#}, Yonghong Xie^{1, 2#}, Tao Wang^{1, 2}, Feng Li^{1, 2}, Shao’an Wu⁴, Cong Hu⁵, Xu Li^{1, 2}, Zhiyong Hou^{1, 2}, Jing Zeng^{1, 2} Ye’ai Zou^{1, 2}, Zelin Liu⁶, Changhui Peng^{6, 7}, Andrew Macrae⁸

¹Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha 410125, China
²National Field Scientific Observation and Research Station of Dongting Lake Wetland Ecosystem in Hunan Province, Changsha 410125, China
³University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
⁴Changsha General Survey of Natural Resources Center, China Geological Survey, Changsha 410600, China
⁵ Key Laboratory of Wildlife Evolution and Conservation in Mountain Ecosystem of Guangxi, Nanning Normal University, Nanning 530100, China
⁶College of Geographic Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, China
⁷Department of Biological Sciences, The University of Québec at Montreal, Montreal QC H3C 3P8, Canada
⁸Centro de Ciências da Saúde (CCS), Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, BR 21941902, Brazil

Received:2024-09-24 Revised:2025-02-10 Accepted:2024-12-04 Online:2026-02-20 Published:2026-01-06
About author:Liyan Wang, E-mail: 1484311850@qq.com; #Correspondence Zhengmiao Deng, Tel: +86-731-84615206, E-mail: dengzhengmiao@163.com; Yonghong Xie, Tel: +86-731-84615203, E-mail: xyh@isa.ac.cn
Supported by:
This work was supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China (2022YFC3204101 and 2023YFF0807202), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (U22A20570 and U2444221), the Youth Promotion Association of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (2021365), the Changsha Outstanding Innovative Youth Project, China (kq2305035), the Science, Technology and Innovation Platform Plan of Hunan Province, China (2022PT1010), the Major Scientific and Technological Projects of the Ministry of Water Resources, China (SKS-2022081), and the Comprehensive Investigation and Potential Evaluation of Natural Resources Carbon Sink in Southern Hilly Region, China (DD20220880).

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 在洪泛平原湿地，气候变化和人类活动导致的水文情势变化可能会降低湿地土壤的碳固存能力，从而对全球气候变化产生负面影响。然而，水文情势变化对土壤碳的影响程度仍然没有得到充分监测。为了弥补这一研究空白，我们在2013年至2022年期间在洞庭湖洪泛区采集了306个表层（0-20cm）土壤样本。采用随机森林（RF）算法分析了洞庭湖表层土壤有机碳（SOC）的空间分布。研究了近十年来气候和水文变化对东洞庭湖表层SOC的影响。2022年，洞庭湖湿地的SOC含量范围为3.34至17.67 g kg^-1之间，平均为10.43 g kg^-1，相应的SOC密度为2.65±0.49 kg m^-2，SOC储量为6.82 Tg C（2.87-13.48 Tg C）。2013年至2022年，东洞庭湖的SOC含量从18.37 g kg^-1下降到10.82 g kg^-1。这可能是由于气候和水文变化影响了植被生长，从而减少了 SOC 输入并加速了 SOC 分解。在高程21.43米以上，土壤有机碳的损失量随着高程的升高而增加，这与南荻群落生物量的下降以及高程高的区域更易受气候和水文变化的影响有关。我们的研究结果强调了要加强湿地SOC管理的必要性，以增加土壤中的SOC，从而帮助应对气候变化。

Abstract:

In floodplain wetlands, alterations in hydrological patterns resulting from climate change and human activities could potentially diminish the carbon sequestration capacity of the soils, thereby having a negative impact on global climate change. However, the magnitude of the influence of hydrological regime change on soil carbon remains inadequately monitored. To address this research gap, we collected 306 upper layer (0–20 cm) soil samples from the Dongting Lake floodplain between 2013 and 2022. The random forest (RF) algorithm was used to analyze the spatial distribution of soil organic carbon (SOC) in the upper soil layer of Dongting Lake floodplain and the impact of climate and hydrological changes in the past decade on surface SOC in the East Dongting Lake area was studied. In 2022, the SOC concentration of the Dongting Lake floodplain upper layer soil ranged from 3.34 to 17.67 g kg^–1, averaging 10.43 g kg^–1, with a corresponding SOC density of (2.65±0.49) kg m^–2 and total SOC stock of 6.82 Tg C (2.87–13.48 Tg C). From 2013 to 2022, the SOC concentration of the upper soil layer of the East Dongting Lake area decreased from 18.37 to 10.82 g kg^–1. This reduction could be attributed to climate and hydrological changes which reduce SOC input by reducing vegetation growth and accelerating SOC decomposition. Above 21.4 m elevation, the amount of SOC loss increased with elevation, the loss being related to the decline in Miscanthus community biomass and greater susceptibility of higher altitude areas to climate and hydrological changes. Our results highlight the need for strengthening wetland SOC management to increase SOC in the soils to help combat climate change.

Key words: floodplain wetland , soil organic carbon , spatial pattern , dynamic change

Liyan Wang, Buqing Wang, Zhengmiao Deng, Yonghong Xie, Tao Wang, Feng Li, Shao’an Wu, Cong Hu, Xu Li, Zhiyong Hou, Jing Zeng Ye’ai Zou, Zelin Liu, Changhui Peng, Andrew Macrae. 洞庭湖洪泛平原表层土壤有机碳正在流失—基于十年的野外观测数据[J]. Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 2026, 25(2): 436-447.

Liyan Wang, Buqing Wang, Zhengmiao Deng, Yonghong Xie, Tao Wang, Feng Li, Shao’an Wu, Cong Hu, Xu Li, Zhiyong Hou, Jing Zeng Ye’ai Zou, Zelin Liu, Changhui Peng, Andrew Macrae. Surface soil organic carbon losses in Dongting Lake floodplain as evidenced by field observations from 2013 to 2022[J]. Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 2026, 25(2): 436-447.

参考文献

Alhassan A R M, Ma W, Li G, Jiang Z, Wu J, Chen G. 2018. Response of soil organic carbon to vegetation degradation along a moisture gradient in a wet meadow on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. Ecology and Evolution, 8, 11999–12010.

Bai J H, Hua O Y, Wei D, Zhu Y M, Zhang X L, Wang Q G. 2005. Spatial distribution characteristics of organic matter and total nitrogen of marsh soils in river marginal wetlands. Geoderma, 124, 181–192.

Bai J H, Yu L, Du S D, Wei Z Q, Liu Y T, Zhang L, Zhang G L, Wang X. 2020. Effects of flooding frequencies on soil carbon and nitrogen stocks in river marginal wetlands in a ten-year period. Journal of Environmental Management, 267, 110618.

Bradford M A, Wieder W R, Bonan G B, Fierer N, Raymond P A, Crowther T W. 2016. Managing uncertainty in soil carbon feedbacks to climate change. Nature Climate Change, 6, 751–758.

Breiman L. 2001. Random forests. Machine Learning, 45, 5–32.

Conant R T, Ryan M G, Ågren G I, Birge H E, Davidson E A, Eliasson P E, Evans S E, Frey S D, Giardina C P, Hopkins F M, Hyvönen R, Kirschbaum M U F, Lavallee J M, Leifeld J, Parton W J, Steinweg J M, Wallenstein M D, Wetterstedt J, Bradford M A. 2011. Temperature and soil organic matter decomposition rates - synthesis of current knowledge and a way forward. Global Change Biology, 17, 3392–3404.

Freeman C, Ostle N, Kang H. 2001. An enzymic ‘latch’ on a global carbon store - A shortage of oxygen locks up carbon in peatlands by restraining a single enzyme. Nature, 409, 149.

Freeman C, Ostle N J, Fenner N, Kang H. 2004. A regulatory role for phenol oxidase during decomposition in peatlands. Soil Biology & Biochemistry, 36, 1663–1667.

Geng M M, Wang K L, Yang N, Li F, Zou Y A, Chen X S, Deng Z M, Xie Y H. 2021. Evaluation and variation trends analysis of water quality in response to water regime changes in a typical river-connected lake (Dongting Lake), China. Environmental Pollution, 268, 115761.

Habersack H, Hein T, Stanica A, Liska I, Mair R, Jäger E, Hauer C, Bradley C. 2016. Challenges of river basin management: Current status of, and prospects for, the River Danube from a river engineering perspective. Science of the Total Environment, 543, 828–845.

Hartley I P, Ineson P. 2008. Substrate quality and the temperature sensitivity of soil organic matter decomposition. Soil Biology & Biochemistry, 40, 1567–1574.

Heger A, Becker J N, Navas L K V, Eschenbach A. 2021. Factors controlling soil organic carbon stocks in hardwood floodplain forests of the lower middle Elbe River. Geoderma, 404, 115389.

Hooijer A, Page S, Jauhiainen J, Lee W A, Lu X X, Idris A, Anshari G. 2012. Subsidence and carbon loss in drained tropical peatlands. Biogeosciences, 9, 1053–1071.

Hu Q W, Wu Q, Yao B, Xu X L. 2015. Ecosystem respiration and its components from a Carex meadow of Poyang Lake during the drawdown period. Atmospheric Environment, 100, 124–132.

Kang M P, Zhao C Z, Ma M, Li X Y. 2024. Characteristics of soil organic carbon fractions in four vegetation communities of an inland salt marsh. Carbon Balance and Management, 19, 3.

Kennedy M J, Pevear D R, Hill R J. 2002. Mineral surface control of organic carbon in black shale. Science, 295, 657–660.

Lai X J, Liang Q H, Huang Q, Jiang J H, Lu X X. 2016. Numerical evaluation of flow regime changes induced by the Three Gorges Dam in the Middle Yangtze. Hydrology Research, 47, 149–160.

Lal R. 2008. Soil carbon stocks under present and future climate with specific reference to European ecoregions. Nutrient Cycling in Agroecosystems, 81, 113–127.

Lange M, Eisenhauer N, Sierra C A, Bessler H, Engels C, Griffiths R I, Mellado-Vázquez P G, Malik A A, Roy J, Scheu S, Steinbeiss S, Thomson B C, Trumbore S E, Gleixner G. 2015. Plant diversity increases soil microbial activity and soil carbon storage. Nature Communications, 6, 6707.

Lu Y, Xu H W. 2014. Main affecting factors of soil carbon mineralization in lake wetland. Polish Journal of Environmental Studies, 23, 1255–1262.

Magilligan F J, Nislow K H. 2005. Changes in hydrologic regime by dams. Geomorphology, 71, 61–78.

Marquardt D W. 1970. Generalized inverses, ridge regression, biased linear estimation, and nonlinear estimation. Technometrics, 12, 591–612.

Mitsch W J, Bernal B, Nahlik A M, Mander Ü, Zhang L, Anderson C J, Jorgensen S E, Brix H. 2013. Wetlands, carbon, and climate change. Landscape Ecology, 28, 583–597.

Mason R L, Gunst R F, Hess J L. 2003. Statistical Design and Analysis of Experiments: with Applications to Engineering and Science. John Wiley & Sons, New York.

Nabiollahi K, Eskandari S, Taghizadeh-Mehrjardi R, Kerry R, Triantafalis J. 2019. Assessing soil organic carbon stocks under land-use change scenarios using random forest models. Carbon Management, 10, 63–77.

Oliveira J D. 2023. How do climate and land-use affect soil carbon and nitrogen stocks and the chemical properties of floodplain soils in tropical drylands? Catena, 231, 107289.

Pan B H, Xie Y H, Li F, Zou Y A, Deng Z M. 2018. Responses to sedimentation in ramet populations of the clonal plant Carex brevicuspis. Frontiers in Plant Science, 9, 512.

Pan Y, Xie Y H, Chen X S, Li F. 2012. Effects of flooding and sedimentation on the growth and physiology of two emergent macrophytes from Dongting Lake wetlands. Aquatic Botany, 100, 35–40.

Qian H, Zhou Y, Xie D, Ren S, Liu M. 2021. Distribution characteristics of surface soil carbon and nitrogen along with the elevation gradient and their influencing factors in seasonal waterlogged wetlands of Poyang Lake. Acta Agriculturae Universitatis Jiangxiensis, 43, 1199–1210. (in Chinese)

Qin S Q, Chen L Y, Fang K, Zhang Q W, Wang J, Liu F T, Yu J C, Yang Y H. 2019. Temperature sensitivity of SOM decomposition governed by aggregate protection and microbial communities. Science Advances, 5, eaau1218.

Qin X, Li F, Chen X, Xie Y. 2013. Growth responses and non-structural carbohydrates in three wetland macrophyte species following submergence and de-submergence. Acta Physiologiae Plantarum, 35, 2069–2074.

Ren Q, Yuan J, Wang J, Liu X, Ma S, Zhou L, Miao L, Zhang J. 2022. Water level has higher influence on soil organic carbon and microbial community in poyang lake wetland than vegetation type. Microorganisms, 10, 131.

Sakhaee A, Gebauer A, Liess M, Don A. 2022. Spatial prediction of organic carbon in German agricultural topsoil using machine learning algorithms. Soil, 8, 587–604.

Sanders L M, Taffs K, Stokes D, Sanders C J, Enrich-Prast A, Amora L N, Marotta H. 2018. Historic carbon burial spike in an Amazon floodplain lake linked to riparian deforestation near Santarem, Brazil. Biogeosciences, 15, 447–455.

Sun Q, Qian H, Chen S, Zhou Y, Xie D, Wang W. 2023. Composition of soil grain size and its effect on organic carbon in Sizhoutou wetland of Poyang Lake. Journal of Huazhong Agricultural University, 42, 197–204. (in Chinese)

Taghizadeh-Mehrjardi R, Nabiollahi K, Kerry R. 2016. Digital mapping of soil organic carbon at multiple depths using different data mining techniques in Baneh region, Iran. Geoderma, 266, 98–110.

Talukdar S, Pal S. 2017. Impact of dam on inundation regime of flood plain wetland of punarbhaba river basin of barind tract of Indo-Bangladesh. International Soil and Water Conservation Research, 5, 109–121.

Tang Y, Xie Y, Li F, Chen X. 2013a. Spatial distribution of emergent herbaceous wetlands in the east dongting lake during the last twenty years based on landsat data. Resources and Environment in the Yangtze Basin, 22, 1484–1492. (in Chinese)

Tang Y, Xie Y H, Li F, Chen X S. 2013b. Area changes of emergent herbaceous wetlands in relation to water level in East Dongting Lake, China in 1989–2011. The Journal of Applied Ecology, 24, 3229–3236. (in Chinese)

Tian S, Liu X, Jin B, Chen Y, Wang Y, Tian X, Zhao X. 2019. Effects of litter on soil organic carbon fixation in Reaumuria soongorica communities in the Sangong River basin. Acta Ecologica Sinica, 39, 5339–5347. (in Chinese)

Unger I M, Kennedy A C, Muzika R M. 2009. Flooding effects on soil microbial communities. Applied Soil Ecology, 42, 1–8.

Waldrop M P, Firestone M K. 2004. Altered utilization patterns of young and old soil C by microorganisms caused by temperature shifts and N additions. Biogeochemistry, 67, 235–248.

Walker T W N, Kaiser C, Strasser F, Herbold C W, Leblans N I W, Woebken D, Janssens I A, Sigurdsson B D, Richter A. 2018. Microbial temperature sensitivity and biomass change explain soil carbon loss with warming. Nature Climate Change, 8, 1021.

Wallenstein M, Allison S D, Ernakovich J, Steinweg J M, Sinsabaugh R. 2010. Controls on the temperature sensitivity of soil enzymes: A key driver of in situ enzyme activity rates. Soil Enzymology, 22, 245–258.

Wang M M, Zhang S, Guo X W, Xiao L J, Yang Y H, Luo Y Q, Mishra U, Luo Z K. 2023. Responses of soil organic carbon to climate extremes under warming across global biomes. Nature Climate Change, 14, 98–105.

Wang T, Deng Z M, Zhang C Y, Zou Y, Xie Y H, Li F, Xiao F J, Peng C H. 2024. Vegetation types and flood water level are dominant factors controlling the carbon sequestration potential in Dongting Lake floodplain, China. Science of the Total Environment, 921, 171146.

Wang X L, Han J Y, Xu L G, Wan R R, Chen Y W. 2014. Soil characteristics in relation to vegetation communities in the wetlands of poyang lake, China. Wetlands, 34, 829–839.

Wang X L, Xu L G, Wan R R. 2016. Comparison on soil organic carbon within two typical wetland areas along the vegetation gradient of Poyang Lake, China. Hydrology Research, 47, 261–277.

Wu Q, Yao B, Xing R, Zhu L, Hu Q. 2012. Distribution pattern of soil organic carbon in Poyang Lake wetland and related affecting factors. Chinese Journal of Ecology, 31, 313–318. (in Chinese)

Xi L L, Chen S G, Bian H L, Peng Z H, Niu Y D, Li Y Z. 2023. Organic carbon release from litter decomposition of woody and herbaceous plants in the Dongting Lake wetlands: A comparative study. Ecohydrology & Hydrobiology, 23, 408–419.

Xia J, Chen J, She D. 2022. Impacts and countermeasures of extreme drought in the Yangtze River Basin in 2022. Journal of Hydraulic Engineering, 53, 1143–1153.

Xie D, Zhou G, Zhou Y, Chen Y, Jia J, Peng X, Lu R, Yin Z, Xiong X, Yu M. 2017. Distribution characteristics of organic carbon in surface soils in Banghu Lake. Wetland Science, 15, 25–31. (in Chinese)

Xie Y H, Chen X S. 2008. Effects of three-gorge project on succession of wetland vegetation in dongting lake. Research of Agricultural Modernization, 29, 684–687. (in Chinese)

Xie Y H, Yue T, Chen X S, Feng L, Deng Z M. 2015. The impact of Three Gorges Dam on the downstream eco-hydrological environment and vegetation distribution of East Dongting Lake. Ecohydrology, 8, 738–746.

Xu N, Saiers J E. 2010. Temperature and hydrologic controls on dissolved organic matter mobilization and transport within a forest topsoil. Environmental Science & Technology, 44, 5423–5429.

Xu X, Zhang Q, Tan Z, Li Y, Wang X. 2015. Effects of water-table depth and soil moisture on plant biomass, diversity, and distribution at a seasonally flooded wetland of Poyang Lake, China. Chinese Geographical Science, 25, 739–756. (in Chinese)

Yin S, Bai J, Wang W, Zhang G, Jia J, Cui B, Liu X. 2019. Effects of soil moisture on carbon mineralization in floodplain wetlands with different flooding frequencies. Journal of Hydrology, 574, 1074–1084.

Zedler J B, Kercher S. 2005. Wetland resources: Status, trends, ecosystem services, and restorability. Annual Review of Environment and Resources, 30, 39–74.

Zeraatpisheh M, Garosi Y, Owliaie H R, Ayoubi S, Taghizadeh-Mehrjardi R, Scholten T, Xu M. 2022. Improving the spatial prediction of soil organic carbon using environmental covariates selection: A comparison of a group of environmental covariates. Catena, 208, 105763.

Zhang H, Wu P B, Yin A J, Yang X H, Zhang M, Gao C. 2017. Prediction of soil organic carbon in an intensively managed reclamation zone of eastern China: A comparison of multiple linear regressions and the random forest model. Science of the Total Environment, 592, 704–713.

Zhang L, Gao J, Li Q, Zhu J, Li X. 2024. Characteristics of spatial distribution of soil carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus stoichiometry in the Wetland of Poyang Lake, China. Journal of Ecology and Rural Environment, 40, 815–823.

Zhang S, Tian J, Lu X, Tian Q J. 2023. Temporal and spatial dynamics distribution of organic carbon content of surface soil in coastal wetlands of Yancheng, China from 2000 to 2022 based on Landsat images. Catena, 223, 106961.

Zhang W C, Wan H S, Zhou M H, Wu W, Liu H B. 2022. Soil total and organic carbon mapping and uncertainty analysis using machine learning techniques. Ecological Indicators, 143, 109420.

Zheng Y X, Zhang G X, Wu Y F, Xu Y J, Dai C L. 2019. Dam effects on downstream riparian wetlands: The Nenjiang River, Northeast China. Water, 11, 2038.

Zhou J, Wan R, Wu X, Zhang Y. 2020. Patterns of long-term distribution of typical wetland vegetation(1987–2016) and its response to hydrological processes in Lake Dongting. Journal of Lake Sciences, 32, 1723–1735. (in Chinese)

Zhou W P, Shen W J, Li Y E, Hui D F. 2017. Interactive effects of temperature and moisture on composition of the soil microbial community. European Journal of Soil Science, 68, 909–918.

Zhu L L, Deng Z M, Xie Y H, Zhang C Y, Chen X R, Li X, Li F, Chen X S, Zou Y A, Wang W. 2022. Effects of hydrological environment on litter carbon input into the surface soil organic carbon pool in the Dongting Lake floodplain. Catena, 208, 105761.

洞庭湖洪泛平原表层土壤有机碳正在流失—基于十年的野外观测数据

Surface soil organic carbon losses in Dongting Lake floodplain as evidenced by field observations from 2013 to 2022

PDF

可视化

摘要/Abstract

引用本文

使用本文

参考文献

相关文章 0

编辑推荐

Metrics