C3水稻和C4谷子作物对盐胁迫反应的趋同和分化信号通路

doi:10.1016/j.jia.2024.03.011

Journal of Integrative Agriculture ›› 2025, Vol. 24 ›› Issue (10): 3719-3738.DOI: 10.1016/j.jia.2024.03.011

C₃水稻和C₄谷子作物对盐胁迫反应的趋同和分化信号通路

收稿日期:2023-10-30 修回日期:2024-03-02 接受日期:2024-02-23 出版日期:2025-10-20 发布日期:2025-09-24

Convergent and divergent signaling pathways in C₃ rice and C₄ foxtail millet crops in response to salt stress

Xinyu Man^1*, Sha Tang^1*, Yu Meng^2*, Yanjia Gong², Yanqing Chen¹, Meng Wu², Guanqing Jia¹, Jun Liu^1#, Xianmin Diao^1#, Xiliu Cheng^1#

¹Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
²Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, China

Received:2023-10-30 Revised:2024-03-02 Accepted:2024-02-23 Online:2025-10-20 Published:2025-09-24
About author:Xinyu Man, E-mail: shanying420@163.com; Sha Tang, E-mail: tangsha@caas.cn; Yu Meng, E-mail: my131sohu@126.com; #Correspondence Jun Liu, E-mail: liujun@caas.cn; Xianmin Diao, E-mail: diaoxianmin@caas.cn; Xiliu Cheng, E-mail: chengxiliu@caas.cn * These authors contributed equally to this study.
Supported by:
This study was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (32241042), the National Key R&D Program of China (2019YFD1000700 and 2019YFD1000703) and the Biological Breeding-National Science and Technology Major Project, China (2022ZD04017).

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

盐胁迫是全球农业生产的制约因素。因此，利用耐盐植物已成为当前的研究热点。C₄植物的耐盐性进化更频繁。然而，很少有研究探索C₄作物谷子耐盐性的分子基础。在这项研究中，我们对盐胁迫下C₃作物水稻和C₄模式作物谷子进行转录组学和生理生化实验多重分析。我们的研究结果表明，在盐胁迫下，与C₃作物水稻相比，C₄作物谷子中脱落酸合成代谢加快，同时细胞分裂素的生物合成和信号传导受到抑制。盐胁迫加快C₃水稻光合作用相关基因的快速下调以及净光合速率严重降低。在盐胁迫中，C₃水稻和C₄谷子中一些应激反应转录因子（TF），如AP2/ERF、WRKY和MYB变化显著。基于加权基因共表达网络分析（WGCNA），一个AP2/ERF转录因子- SiRSR1（Seita.3G044600）被鉴定为盐胁迫反应的关键调控因子。为了证实其功能，我们在水稻中通过CRISPR/Cas9基因编辑技术构建的OsRSR1敲除系，并在谷子中构建其上游抑制因子SiMIR172a过表达转基因植物（172a-OE），两者耐盐性均提高。总的来说，我们的研究不仅为谷子和水稻对盐胁迫反应的趋同调节提供了新的见解，而且揭示了它们对盐胁迫的不同信号网络。

Abstract:

Salt stress is a global constraint on agricultural production. Therefore, the development of salt tolerant plants has become a current research hotspot. While salt tolerance has evolved more frequently in C₄ grass lineages, few studies have explored the molecular bases underlying salt stress tolerance in the C₄ crop foxtail millet. In this study, we used a multi-pronged approach spanning the omics analyses of transcriptomes and physiological analysis of the C₃ crop rice and the C₄ model crop foxtail millet to investigate their responses to salt stress. The results revealed that compared to C₃ rice, C₄ foxtail millet has upregulated abscisic acid (ABA) and notably reduced CK biosynthesis and signaling transduction under salt stress. Salt stress in C₃ rice plants triggered rapid downregulation of photosynthesis related genes, which was coupled with severely reduced net photosynthetic rates. In the salt-treated C₃ rice and C₄foxtail millet, some stress responsive transcription factors (TFs), such as AP2/ERF, WRKY and MYB, underwent strong and distinct transcriptional changes. Based on a weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA), the AP2/ERF transcription factor Rice Starch Regulator1 SiRSR1 (Seita.3G044600) was identified as a key regulator of the salt stress response. To confirm its function, we generated OsRSR1-knockout lines using CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing in rice and its upstream repressor SimiR172a-overexpressing (172a-OE) transgenic plants in foxtail millet, which both showed increased salt tolerance. Overall, this study not only provides new insights into the convergent regulation of the salt stress responses of foxtail millet and rice, but it also sheds light on the divergent signaling networks between them in response to salt stress

Key words: C₃, C₄, phytohormone, photosynthesis, transcriptional regulatory network, RSR1

Xinyu Man, Sha Tang, Yu Meng, Yanjia Gong, Yanqing Chen, Meng Wu, Guanqing Jia, Jun Liu, Xianmin Diao, Xiliu Cheng. C₃水稻和C₄谷子作物对盐胁迫反应的趋同和分化信号通路[J]. Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 2025, 24(10): 3719-3738.

Xinyu Man, Sha Tang, Yu Meng, Yanjia Gong, Yanqing Chen, Meng Wu, Guanqing Jia, Jun Liu, Xianmin Diao, Xiliu Cheng. Convergent and divergent signaling pathways in C₃ rice and C₄ foxtail millet crops in response to salt stress[J]. Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 2025, 24(10): 3719-3738.

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C₃水稻和C₄谷子作物对盐胁迫反应的趋同和分化信号通路

Convergent and divergent signaling pathways in C₃ rice and C₄ foxtail millet crops in response to salt stress

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