玉米盐胁迫相关性状的遗传分析和候选基因鉴定

doi:10.1016/j.jia.2024.02.009

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

土壤盐碱化对全球玉米生产构成威胁。但玉米的耐盐机制尚不十分清楚，因此，鉴定玉米耐盐的遗传组分具有重要意义。本研究使用大刍草-玉米为双亲构建的BC₂F₇群体对21个玉米盐耐性相关性状的遗传基础进行调查。利用高密度遗传图谱，共检测到125个QTL，其中每个性状能够检测到1~5个QTL，每个QTL可以解释6.05-32.02%的表型变异。每个性状检测到的所有QTL解释的表型变异范围为6.84%~63.88%。在所有鉴定到的125个QTL中，只有三个是主效QTL，分布在6号染色体上的两个基因组区域中，涉及3个盐耐相关性状。此外，在8个性状中还检测到了10对具有加加效应的上位性互作QTL，这些互作效应能够解释0.9%~4.44%的表型变异。检测到了18个QTL热区，每个热区能够影响3-7个性状。在L5热区中，发现了一个由4个基因（ZmNSA1、SAG6、ZmCLCg和ZmHKT1;2）组成的基因簇，表明这个热区可能有多个基因参与玉米盐胁迫响应。最后，通过连锁和标记-性状关联分析的结合鉴定到两个重要的候选基因Zm00001d002090和Zm00001d002391与盐耐相关性状显著关联。Zm00001d002090编码了一个钙离子依赖的脂质结合（CaLB结构域）家族蛋白，可能作为Ca²⁺传感器，将盐胁迫信号传递到下游。而Zm00001d002391编码属于C19相关亚家族的泛素特异性蛋白酶。我们的研究结果为解析玉米盐耐相关性状的遗传基础提供了宝贵的见解，并为育种家改良耐盐玉米品种提供了理论基础。

Abstract:

Soil salinization poses a threat to maize production worldwide, but the genetic mechanism of salt tolerance in maize is not well understood. Therefore, identifying the genetic components underlying salt tolerance in maize is of great importance. In the current study, a teosinte-maize BC₂F₇ population was used to investigate the genetic basis of 21 salt tolerance-related traits. In total, 125 QTLs were detected using a high-density genetic bin map, with one to five QTLs explaining 6.05–32.02% of the phenotypic variation for each trait. The total phenotypic variation explained (PVE) by all detected QTLs ranged from 6.84 to 63.88% for each trait. Of all 125 QTLs, only three were major QTLs distributed in two genomic regions on chromosome 6, which were involved in three salt tolerance-related traits. In addition, 10 pairs of epistatic QTLs with additive effects were detected for eight traits, explaining 0.9 to 4.44% of the phenotypic variation. Furthermore, 18 QTL hotspots affecting 3–7 traits were identified. In one hotspot (L5), a gene cluster consisting of four genes (ZmNSA1, SAG6, ZmCLCg, and ZmHKT1;2) was found, suggesting the involvement of multiple pleiotropic genes. Finally, two important candidate genes, Zm00001d002090 and Zm00001d002391, were found to be associated with salt tolerance-related traits by a combination of linkage and marker-trait association analyses. Zm00001d002090 encodes a calcium-dependent lipid-binding (CaLB domain) family protein, which may function as a Ca²⁺ sensor for transmitting the salt stress signal downstream, while Zm00001d002391 encodes a ubiquitin-specific protease belonging to the C19-related subfamily. Our findings provide valuable insights into the genetic basis of salt tolerance-related traits in maize and a theoretical foundation for breeders to develop enhanced salt-tolerant maize varieties.

Key words: maize , salt tolerance-related traits , QTL mapping , region-based association analysis

Hui Fang, Xiuyi Fu, Hanqiu Ge, Mengxue Jia, Jie Ji, Yizhou Zhao, Zijian Qu, Ziqian Cui, Aixia Zhang, Yuandong Wang, Ping Li, Baohua Wang. 玉米盐胁迫相关性状的遗传分析和候选基因鉴定[J]. Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 2024, 23(7): 2196-2210.

Hui Fang, Xiuyi Fu, Hanqiu Ge, Mengxue Jia, Jie Ji, Yizhou Zhao, Zijian Qu, Ziqian Cui, Aixia Zhang, Yuandong Wang, Ping Li, Baohua Wang. Genetic analysis and candidate gene identification of salt tolerancerelated traits in maize[J]. Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 2024, 23(7): 2196-2210.

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