昆虫激素通过脂肪酸代谢途径调控禾谷缢管蚜报警信息素的生物合成

doi:10.1016/j.jia.2023.11.030

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 在世界范围内严重危害农业和林业的蚜虫受到天敌攻击后会释放报警信息素以保护其种群。绝大多数蚜虫报警信息素的主要成分是一种倍半萜烯化合物——反式-β-法尼烯（EβF）。然而其生物合成和调控机制至今尚未阐释清楚。本研究以禾谷缢管蚜这一危害小麦的重要害虫为对象，探究EβF在蚜虫体内的生物合成机制。本研究发现禾谷缢管蚜仅在成熟胚胎和1、2龄蜕皮期合成EβF，且蚜虫腹末端充足的甘油三酯是EβF储存和释放的前提条件。通过转录组测序、RNA干扰、激素处理和定量检测等方法，后续研究发现禾谷缢管蚜利用脂肪酸降解途径产生的乙酰辅酶A为源头生物合成EβF。保幼激素抑制这此过程，而蜕皮激素通过调控脂肪酸代谢促进此过程。本研究首次系统地就蚜虫合成EβF的调控方式进行了探索，为后续研究蚜虫报警信息素生物合成的分子调控机制提供了新思路，也为制定蚜虫防治新策略提供了有价值的信息。

Abstract:

Aphids are major insect pests in agriculture and forestry worldwide. Following attacks by natural enemies, many aphids release an alarm pheromone to protect their population. In most aphids, the main component of the aphid alarm pheromone (AAP) is the sesquiterpene hydrocarbon (E)-β-farnesene (EβF). However, the mechanisms behind its biosynthesis and regulation remain poorly understood. In this study, we used the bird cherry–oat aphid Rhopalosiphum padi, which is an important wheat aphid, to investigate the regulatory mechanisms of EβF biosynthesis. Our results showed that EβF biosynthesis occurs during the mature embryo period and the molting period of the 1st- and 2nd-instar nymphs. Triglycerides provide the prerequisite material for EβF production and release. Based on transcriptome sequencing, RNAi analysis, hormone treatments, and quantitative measurements, we found that the biosynthesis of EβF utilizes acetyl coenzyme A produced from fatty acid degradation, which can be suppressed by juvenile hormone but it is promoted by 20-hydroxyecdysone through the modulation of fatty acid metabolism. This is the first systemic study on the modulation of EβF production in aphids. The results of our study provide insights into the molecular regulatory mechanisms of AAP biosynthesis, as well as valuable information for designing potential aphid control strategies.

Key words: (E)-β-farnesene , critical period for biosynthesis , fatty acid metabolism , juvenile hormone , 20-hydroxyecdysone

Chengxian Sun, Yaoguo Qin, Julian Chen, Zhengxi Li. 昆虫激素通过脂肪酸代谢途径调控禾谷缢管蚜报警信息素的生物合成[J]. Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 2024, 23(7): 2346-2361.

Chengxian Sun, Yaoguo Qin, Julian Chen, Zhengxi Li. The biosynthesis of alarm pheromone in the wheat aphid Rhopalo-siphum padi is regulated by hormones via fatty acid metabolism[J]. Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 2024, 23(7): 2346-2361.

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