Journal of Integrative Agriculture ›› 2024, Vol. 23 ›› Issue (9): 3129-3144.DOI: 10.1016/j.jia.2023.10.008

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  • 收稿日期:2023-02-17 接受日期:2023-07-27 出版日期:2024-09-20 发布日期:2024-08-21

Supplementation of Lycium barbarum residue increases the growth rate of Tan sheep by enhancing their feed intake and regulating their rumen microbiome and metabolome

Yajun Zhang1, Xiao Chang2, Bing Wang3, Dawei Wei4, Rongzhen Zhong2, Yansheng Guo4, Min Du5, Guijie Zhang1, 4#   

  1. 1 College of Forestry and Prataculture, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China
    2 Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Grassland Farming, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agoecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130102, China
    3 State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition/College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
    4 College of Animal Science and Technology, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China
    5 Nutrigenomics and Growth Biology Laboratory, Department of Animal Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164, USA
  • Received:2023-02-17 Accepted:2023-07-27 Online:2024-09-20 Published:2024-08-21
  • About author:Yajun Zhang, E-mail: zhangyajun1106@126.com; #Correspondence Guijie Zhang, Tel: +86-951-2062861, E-mail: guijiezhang@nxu.edu.cn
  • Supported by:
    This study was supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China (2022YFD1300905), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31960672), the Key Research and Development Program of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, China (2021BEF02020), the Top Discipline Construction Project of Pratacultural Science (NXYLXK2017A01), the Science and Technology Development Project of Jilin Province, China (20200201140JC), and the Technology Cooperation High-Tech Industrialization Project of Jilin Province, China and the Chinese Academy of Sciences, (2022SYHZ0020).

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摘要：

本试验旨在研究枸杞渣对滩羊生长性能、瘤胃发酵参数、瘤胃微生物菌群及代谢组的影响。选取4月龄左右、体重[（20.8 ± 0.34）kg]相近和健康状况良好的滩羔羊16只，随机分为对照组和试验组，每组8只。对照组饲喂基础饲粮，试验组在基础饲粮中添加5%枸杞渣，每天饲喂2次。预试期10 d，正试期60 d。试验结束后，采集瘤胃液，测定发酵参数、瘤胃微生物群落结构及代谢产物。结果表明：1）与对照组相比，饲粮中添加5%枸杞渣显著增加了滩羊平均日采食量和平均日增重（P<0.05）。2）与对照组相比，饲粮中添加5%枸杞渣极显著增加了瘤胃液挥发性脂肪酸（P<0.01），显著降低了氨态氮含量和瘤胃液pH值（P<0.05）。3）多样性分析发现，2组间微生物Alpha多样性指数和Beta多样性差异显著（P<0.05）。微生物组成分析发现，在门水平上，试验组极显著增加了拟杆菌门、厚壁菌门、软壁菌门和蓝藻菌门的相对丰度（P<0.01），极显著降低了变形菌门、螺旋菌门和互养菌门的相对丰度（P<0.01）。在属水平上，添加枸杞渣显著增加了普雷沃菌属、琥珀酸菌属、瘤胃球菌属、粪球菌属、月形单胞菌属和丁酸弧菌属的相对丰度（P<0.05），显著降低了颤螺旋菌属和琥珀酸弧菌属的相对丰度（P<0.05）。4）通过代谢组学分析，共检测出431种差异代谢物。与对照组相比，试验组有287种差异代谢物显著上调，其中显著提高了氨基酸类（如L -脯氨酸、L-苯丙氨酸、L-赖氨酸和L -酪氨酸）、嘧啶代谢类（如尿嘧啶、尿嘧啶和胸腺嘧啶）和微生物蛋白合成类（如黄嘌呤和次黄嘌呤）等代谢产物的含量（P<0.05）。富集差异显著的代谢通路有嘧啶代谢，苯丙氨酸、酪氨酸和色氨酸的生物合成，精氨酸和脯氨酸代谢以及苯丙氨酸代谢。综上所述，饲粮中添加5%枸杞渣能改善滩羊生长性能，能够调节瘤胃菌群结构，影响瘤胃代谢物含量，改善瘤胃内环境。我们的研究结果表面了饲粮中添加枸杞渣对滩羊生长的促进作用，为其在反刍动物实际生产应用中提供了理论依据。

Abstract:

Lycium barbarum residue (LBR), a by-product of L. barbarum processing, is packed with bioactive components and can be potentially utilized as a feed additive in animal husbandry.  However, the fundamental understanding of its effectiveness on livestock animals is still lacking, particularly in ruminants.  To explore the effects of LBR on the growth performance, rumen fermentation parameters, ruminal microbes and metabolites of Tan sheep, sixteen fattening rams (aged 4 mon) were fed a basal diet (CON, n=8) or a basal diet supplemented with 5% LBR (LBR, n=8).  The experiment lasted for 70 d, with 10 d adaptation period and 60 d treatment period.  The results showed that the LBR enhanced the average daily feed intake, average daily gain (P<0.05), and ruminal total volatile fatty acids (P<0.01) while decreasing ammonia-nitrogen concentration and rumen pH value (P<0.05).  Additionally, the LBR improved the relative abundances of Prevotella, Succiniclasticum, Ruminococcus, Coprococcus, Selenomonas, and Butyrivibrio (P<0.05) and reduced the relative abundances of Oscillospira and Succinivibrio (P<0.05).  The LBR altered the ruminal metabolome (P<0.01) by increasing the abundances of ruminal metabolites involved in amino acids (e.g., L-proline, L-phenylalanine, L-lysine, and L-tyrosine), pyrimidine metabolism (e.g., uridine, uracil, and thymidine), and microbial protein synthesis (e.g., xanthine and hypoxanthine).  In conclusion, LBR had positive effects on the growth rate of Tan sheep as well as on rumen fermentation parameters, rumen microbiome and rumen metabolome.

Key words: Lycium barbarum residue , rumen microbiome , metabolomics , growth performance , Tan sheep