Journal of Integrative Agriculture ›› 2024, Vol. 23 ›› Issue (3): 1034-1047.DOI: 10.1016/j.jia.2023.09.015

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碳酸钙促进采煤塌陷区复垦土壤大团聚体的形成及结构稳定性

  

  • 收稿日期:2023-05-19 接受日期:2023-07-18 出版日期:2024-03-20 发布日期:2024-03-03

Calcium carbonate promotes the formation and stability of soil macroaggregates in mining areas of China

Junyu Xie1, 2*, Jianyong Gao1*, Hanbing Cao1, 2, Jiahui Li1, Xiang Wang3, Jie Zhang1, Huisheng Meng1, Jianping Hong1, Tingliang Li1, Minggang Xu1#   

  1. 1 College of Resources and Environment, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu 030801, China

    2 Shanxi Province Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Nutrient Resources, Taiyuan 030031, China

    3 College of Land Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China

  • Received:2023-05-19 Accepted:2023-07-18 Online:2024-03-20 Published:2024-03-03
  • About author:Junyu Xie, Mobile: +86-18700815704, E-mail: xjy890621@163.com; Jianyong Gao, Mobile: +86-15235414174, E-mail: 15235414174@163.com; #Correspondence Minggang Xu, E-mail: xuminggang@caas.cn * These authors contributed equally to this study.
  • Supported by:
    This research was supported financially by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (41807102, U1710255-3 and 41907215), the Special Fund for Science and Technology Innovation Teams of Shanxi Province, China (202304051001042) and the Distinguished and Excellent Young Scholar Cultivation Project of Shanxi Agricultural University, China (2022YQPYGC05).

摘要:

通过研究不同复垦年限和施肥措施下团聚体胶结物质含量的变化,以及土壤团聚体的形成机制,为采煤塌陷区复垦土壤肥力快速提升提供理论依据。山西煤矿塌陷区复垦长期定位试验始于2008年,设置不施肥(CK)、施化肥(NPK)、单施有机肥(M)和有机无机肥(MNPK4个处理。采集0-20 cm土层土壤样品,分析胶结物质的含量、团聚体分布比例和稳定性。结构表明,经过6年和11年复垦,> 2 mm团聚体的数量、平均重量直径(MWD)和大团聚体的数量(WR0.25)显著增加。随着复垦时间的延长,有机胶结物质呈增加的趋势,然而游离氧化铁、铝的含量呈先增加后降低的趋势。总之,经过11年复垦后,有机无机肥配施(MNPK)显著增加了有机胶结物质和碳酸钙(60.43%)的含量。碳酸钙对于团聚体的稳定性发挥着重要作用,促进了大团聚体的形成,对团聚体的数量及稳定性的贡献率达54.5%。因此,长期复垦有利于优化土壤结构。有机无机肥配施是提高玉米产量,增加有机胶结物质和碳酸钙含量最有效的措施。

Abstract:

We studied changes in the concentrations of aggregate-cementing agents after different reclamation times and with different fertilization regimes, as well as the formation mechanism of aggregates in reclaimed soil, to provide a theoretical basis for rapid reclamation of soil fertility in the subsidence area of coal mines in Shanxi Province, China.  In this study, soil samples of 0–20 cm depth were collected from four fertilization treatments of a long-term experiment started in 2008: no fertilizer (CK), inorganic fertilizer (NPK), chicken manure compost (M), and 50% inorganic fertilizer plus 50% chicken manure compost (MNPK).  The concentrations of cementing agents and changes in soil aggregate size distribution and stability were analysed.  The results showed that the formation of >2 mm aggregates, the aggregate mean weight diameter (MWD), and the proportion of >0.25 mm water-stable aggregates (WR0.25) increased significantly after 6 and 11 years of reclamation.  The concentration of organic cementing agents tended to increase with reclamation time, whereas free iron oxide (Fed) and free aluminium oxide (Ald) concentrations initially increased but then decreased.  In general, the MNPK treatment significantly increased the concentrations of organic cementing agents and CaCO3, and CaCO3 increased by 60.4% at 11 years after reclamation.  Additionally, CaCO3 had the greatest effect on the stability of aggregates, promoting the formation of >0.25 mm aggregates and accounting for 54.4% of the variance in the proportion and stability of the aggregates.  It was concluded that long-term reclamation is beneficial for improving soil structure.  The MNPK treatment was the most effective measure for increasing maize grain yield and concentration of organic cementing agents and CaCO3.

Key words: reclamation time ,  manure combined with inorganic fertilizer ,  soil aggregate stability ,  cementing agents ,  CaCO3