日粮补充脂肪影响双胞胎公羔的能氮代谢效率，并通过富集琥珀酸弧菌属将瘤胃发酵转向丙酸型发酵

doi:10.1016/j.jia.2023.06.037

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

本研究旨在探讨日粮脂肪对双胞胎哺乳羔羊能量和氮代谢效率、瘤胃发酵和微生物菌群的影响。随机将30对双胞胎公羔分为两组，一组饲喂高脂日粮（HF），另一组饲喂普通脂肪日粮（NF），两种日粮（包含代乳品和开食料）的蛋白含量一致，但脂肪含量不同。在羔羊50-60日龄时进行消化代谢试验，并在60日龄按平均体重随机选择9对双胞胎羔羊屠宰并采集瘤胃液。结果表明，日粮添加脂肪可提高羔羊终末体重（BW）、瘤胃液中氨态氮（NH₃-N）含量、丙酸比例及甲烷预测量（CH_4e）（P < 0.05）。高脂日粮有增强（0.05 < P < 0.1）消化能（DE）、代谢能（ME）、DE/ME和氮利用率的潜力。然而，微生物粗蛋白（MCP）含量、总挥发酸含量（VFA）、乙酸比例和乙酸/丙酸（A:P）比值低于NF组（P < 0.05）。而添加脂肪不影响羔羊血清代谢物。高通量测序显示，断奶前添加脂肪增加变形菌门和琥珀酸弧菌属的相对丰度，降低了梭菌属IV、戴阿利斯特杆菌属、罗氏菌属、氨基酸球菌属和巨单孢菌属的相对丰度。这些发现表明，高脂日粮通过富集琥珀酸弧菌属，瘤胃发酵向丙酸型发酵转变，有改善体重、能量和氮的利用率的潜力。

Abstract:

The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of dietary fat on energy and nitrogen (N) metabolism efficiency, rumen fermentation, and microbiota in twin suckling lambs. Thirty pairs of twin male lambs were randomly divided into two groups with one group receiving a high-fat diet (HF) and the other a normal-fat diet (NF). Two diets (milk replacer and starter) of equal protein and different fat levels. The metabolism test was conducted when the lambs were 50–60 days old, and nine pairs of twin lambs were randomly selected for slaughter to collect rumen fluid at 60 days old. The result showed that fat addition increased the final body weight (BW), ruminal ammonia nitrogen (NH₃-N) content, proportion of propionic acid, and estimated methane production (CH_4e) (P<0.05). The high fat diet tended to improve digestive energy (DE), metabolism energy (ME), DE/ME, utilisation of N (0.05<P<0.1). However, microbial crude protein (MCP) content, total volatile fatty acids (VFA), acetic acid ratio, and the ratio of acetate to propionate (A:P) were lower than that in the NF group (P<0.05). Regardless of whether fat is added or not, no different were observed in blood metabolites between the treatment. High-throughput sequencing revealed that fat addition before weaning increased phyla Proteobacteria and genera of Succinivibrio, but decreased the relative abundance of Clostridium IV, Dialister, Roseburia, Acidaminococcus, and Megasphaera genera. These findings indicated that high fat diet improved body weight, energy and nitrogen utilization may by shifting the rumen toward propionate fermentation via the enrichment of Succinivibrio.

Key words: twin lambs , fat , rumen fermentation , microbiota

Wenjuan Li, Tao Ma, Naifeng Zhang, Kaidong Deng, Qiyu Diao. 日粮补充脂肪影响双胞胎公羔的能氮代谢效率，并通过富集琥珀酸弧菌属将瘤胃发酵转向丙酸型发酵[J]. Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 2025, 24(4): 1285-1295.

Wenjuan Li, Tao Ma, Naifeng Zhang, Kaidong Deng, Qiyu Diao. Dietary fat supplement affected energy and nitrogen metabolism efficiency and shifted rumen fermentation toward glucogenic propionate production via enrichment of Succiniclasticum in male twin lambs[J]. Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 2025, 24(4): 1285-1295.

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